Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 15

Brāhmaṇa-māhātmya: Tārkṣya’s instruction on tapas, satya, and svadharma

Chapter 182

जातो जातश्न बलवद्‌ भुड्क्ते चात्मा स देहवान्‌ । फलार्थस्तात निष्पृक्त: प्रजापालनभावन:,तात! प्रयोजनवश वही यह जीव इन्हीं तीन गतियोंमें भटकता रहता है। कर्मफलको चाहनेवाला देहाभिमानी जीव परवशतासे बार-बार जन्म लेता और दुःख-सुखका उपभोग करता है। किंतु तात! जो कर्मफलमें आसक्त नहीं है, वह प्रजाजनोंके पालनकी भावनावाला द्विज अपने आत्माको नित्य परब्रह्म परमात्मामें भलीभाँति स्थित कर देता है

jāto jātaś ca balavān bhuṅkte cātmā sa dehavān | phalārthas tāta niṣpṛktaḥ prajā-pālana-bhāvanaḥ ||

La serpiente dijo: «Naciendo una y otra vez, el yo encarnado—impulsado por la fuerza de su propia costumbre—experimenta repetidamente los frutos de la acción. Oh querido, quien obra por el fruto, identificándose con el cuerpo, cae en dependencia y renace una y otra vez, gustando tanto el dolor como el gozo. Pero, oh querido, el dos veces nacido que no se apega a los frutos del obrar, y que se consagra al bien y a la protección de los seres, establece firmemente su ser en el eterno Brahman Supremo».

जातःborn
जातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजात (√जन्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जातश्नःone who eats what is born/produced (i.e., lives on what is obtained)
जातश्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजातश्न (जात + श्न)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलवत्powerfully; strong
बलवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative (adverbial use), Singular
भुङ्क्तेenjoys/consumes
भुङ्क्ते:
TypeVerb
Root√भुज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आत्माthe self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देहवान्embodied; possessing a body
देहवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदेहवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
फलार्थःone whose aim is fruit (result-seeking)
फलार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफलार्थ (फल + अर्थ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one; son (voc.)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निष्पृक्तःdetached; not clinging (to results)
निष्पृक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्पृक्त (निस् + √स्पृश्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजापालनभावनःhaving the intention of protecting the subjects
प्रजापालनभावनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रजापालनभावन (प्रजा + पालन + भावना)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one; son (voc.)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

सर्प उवाच

S
sarpa (the serpent, speaker)
Ā
ātmā (the self)
B
Brahman/Paramātman (implied by the teaching in the passage)

Educational Q&A

Attachment to the fruits of action, coupled with body-identification, keeps the self bound to repeated birth and the alternating experience of pleasure and pain. Freedom comes through non-attachment to results and a dharmic orientation toward the welfare/protection of beings, by which one becomes established in the Supreme Brahman.

A serpent is instructing the listener in a moral-philosophical reflection: it contrasts the fate of the fruit-seeking, embodied agent—who remains dependent and reborn—with the fruitless (unattached) twice-born who acts for the protection of people and thereby attains steady establishment in Brahman.