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Shloka 12

Aṣṭāvakra–Bandi Vāda at Janaka’s Assembly

Numerical Cosmology and Restitution

न हायनैर्न पलितैर्न वित्तेन न बन्धुभि: । ऋषयश्षक्रिरे धर्म योडनूचान: स नो महान्‌,अधिक वर्षोकी अवस्था होनेसे, बाल पकनेसे, धन बढ़ जानेसे और अधिक भाई-बन्धु हो जानेसे भी कोई बड़ा हो नहीं सकता; ऋषियोंने ऐसा नियम बनाया है कि हम ब्राह्मणोंमें जो अंगोंसहित सम्पूर्ण वेदोंका स्वाध्याय करनेवाला तथा वक्ता है, वही बड़ा है

na hāyanair na palitair na vittena na bandhubhiḥ | ṛṣayaś cakrire dharmaṃ yo 'nūcānaḥ sa no mahān ||

Dijo Aṣṭāvakra: «La grandeza no se alcanza por el paso de los años, ni por las canas, ni por la riqueza, ni por tener muchos parientes. Los sabios establecieron esta norma del dharma: entre nosotros, aquel que es verdaderamente docto—formado por completo en el estudio védico y capaz de enseñarlo y proclamarlo—es quien debe ser tenido por grande».

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हायनैःby years (by age)
हायनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहायन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पलितैःby grey hairs
पलितैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपलित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वित्तेनby wealth
वित्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बन्धुभिःby kinsmen/relatives
बन्धुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ऋषयःthe sages
ऋषयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चक्रिरेmade/established
चक्रिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
धर्मम्a rule/law (dharma)
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनूचानःlearned (well-studied, Veda-learned)
अनूचानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनूचान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःof us / among us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
महान्great/senior
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहान्त्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

अष्टावक्र उवाच

A
Aṣṭāvakra
ṛṣayaḥ (the seers)

Educational Q&A

True greatness and seniority are determined by learning and the capacity to articulate sacred knowledge (especially Vedic study), not by age, outward signs of age, wealth, or social connections.

Aṣṭāvakra is laying down a criterion for who deserves honor and precedence: the sages’ dharmic rule that the genuinely learned Vedic scholar is ‘great’ among Brahmins, countering assumptions based on age, riches, or family strength.