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Shloka 1

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! जब सभामें सब राजा मौन होकर बैठ गये, तब सुन्दर दन्‍्तावलिसे सुशोभित तथा दुन्दुभिके समान गम्भीर स्वरवाले यदुकुलतिलक भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने बोलना आरम्भ किया। जैसे ग्रीष्म-ऋतुके अन्तमें बादल गर्जता है, उसी प्रकार उन्होंने गम्भीर गर्जनाके साथ सारी सभाको सुनाते हुए धृतराष्ट्रकी ओर देखकर इस प्रकार कहा

vaiśampāyana uvāca—janamejaya! yadā sabhāyāṃ sarve rājānaḥ maunam āsthāya niṣaṇṇāḥ, tadā sundara-dantāvalī-śobhitah dundubhi-sama-gambhīra-svaravān yadu-kula-tilakaḥ bhagavān śrīkṛṣṇaḥ vaktum ārabdhavān. yathā grīṣma-ṛtu-ante megho garjati, tathā sa gambhīra-garjanayā sarvāṃ sabhāṃ śrāvayan dhṛtarāṣṭraṃ prati dṛṣṭvā evam uvāca.

Vaiśampāyana dijo: «Oh Janamejaya, cuando todos los reyes en la asamblea guardaron silencio y permanecieron inmóviles, el Señor Śrī Kṛṣṇa—ornamento del linaje de los Yadu, con una hermosa hilera de dientes resplandecientes y una voz profunda como un tambor de guerra—comenzó a hablar. Como los nubarrones que retumban al final del verano, hizo que su grave resonancia llenara el salón; y luego, volviendo la mirada hacia Dhṛtarāṣṭra, le habló con estas palabras».

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana (the narrator)
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
जनमेजयO Janamejaya
जनमेजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजनमेजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
सभायाम्in the assembly
सभायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मौनम्silence
मौनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमौन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made / having become
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
उपविष्टाःseated
उपविष्टाः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-विश्
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
यदुकुलतिलकःthe ornament of the Yadu lineage
यदुकुलतिलकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयदु-कुल-तिलक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रीकृष्णःŚrī Kṛṣṇa
श्रीकृष्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्री-कृष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormInfinitive
आरब्धवान्began
आरब्धवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रभ्
FormPerfect active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas / just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
ग्रीष्मऋतुःthe summer season
ग्रीष्मऋतुः:
TypeNoun
Rootग्रीष्म-ऋतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्तेat the end
अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मेघःa cloud
मेघः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेघ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गर्जतिroars / thunders
गर्जति:
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ज्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाso / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गम्भीरयाwith deep (sound)
गम्भीरया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootगम्भीर
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
गर्जयाwith a roar
गर्जया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगर्जा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सभाम्the assembly
सभाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
श्रावयन्making (them) hear / addressing aloud
श्रावयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPresent active participle (causative), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धृतराष्ट्रम्Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिवीक्ष्यhaving looked at
अभिवीक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-वीक्ष्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said / spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
kings in the assembly (rājānaḥ)
S
sabhā (assembly hall)
D
dundubhi (war-drum)
M
megha (thundercloud)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames speech as a moral instrument: when a court falls silent, the one who speaks must do so with gravity and responsibility. By directing his words to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Kṛṣṇa implicitly places ethical accountability on the ruler whose choices can avert or unleash war.

In the royal assembly, all kings become silent. Kṛṣṇa begins a solemn address, his voice compared to a drum and to thunder at summer’s end, and he turns specifically toward Dhṛtarāṣṭra to deliver counsel that will shape the political and ethical course of events.