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Shloka 19

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ८१: कृष्णस्य दूतप्रयाणम्

Udyoga Parva, Chapter 81: Krishna Sets Out as Envoy

जनार्दन! जैसे अवध्यका वध करनेपर महान्‌ दोष लगता है, उसी प्रकार वध्यका वध न करनेसे भी दोषकी प्राप्ति होती है। यह बात धर्मज्ञ पुरुष जानते हैं ।। यथा त्वां न स्पृशेदेष दोष: कृष्ण तथा कुरु । पाण्डवै: सह दाशार्ह: सूंजयैश्नव ससैनिकैः,श्रीकृष्ण! आप सैनिकोंसहित सूंजयों, पाण्डवों तथा यादवोंके साथ ऐसा प्रयत्न कीजिये, जिससे आपको यह दोष न छू सके

janārdana! yathā avadhyakā-vadhe mahān doṣaḥ, tathā vadhyakā-vadhaṃ na kṛte ’pi doṣa-prāptiḥ. etad dharmajñāḥ puruṣā jānanti. yathā tvāṃ na spṛśed eṣa doṣaḥ, kṛṣṇa, tathā kuru. pāṇḍavaiḥ saha dāśārhaḥ sūñjayaiś ca sasainikaiḥ—śrīkṛṣṇa, yathā tvāṃ doṣo na spṛśet tathā prayatnaṃ kuru.

«Janārdana, así como se incurre en grave falta al matar a quien no debe ser muerto, del mismo modo se incurre en falta al no matar a quien debe ser muerto. Los hombres que conocen el dharma lo comprenden. Por ello, Kṛṣṇa, actúa de tal manera que esta culpa no te toque. Oh Dāśārha, junto con los Pāṇḍavas, los Sṛñjayas y sus ejércitos, y con los Yādavas y sus tropas, esfuérzate, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, para que permanezcas libre de este reproche.»

यथाjust as / so that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formavyaya
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formgender: (common), case: accusative, number: singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formavyaya
स्पृशेत्may touch / should touch
स्पृशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
Formlakara: vidhi-ling, tense: optative, person: 3rd, number: singular, pada: parasmaipada
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formgender: masculine, case: nominative, number: singular
दोषःfault / sin / blame
दोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
Formgender: masculine, case: nominative, number: singular
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
Formgender: masculine, case: vocative, number: singular
तथाthus / in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formavyaya
कुरुdo / act
कुरु:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formlakara: lot, mood: imperative, person: 2nd, number: singular, pada: parasmaipada
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
Formavyaya (used with instrumental)
दाशार्हO Dasharha (Krishna)
दाशार्ह:
TypeNoun
Rootदाशार्ह
Formgender: masculine, case: vocative, number: singular
सूंजयैःwith the Sṛñjayas
सूंजयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूंजय
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
यादवैःwith the Yadavas
यादवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयादव
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
नवindeed / now (particle; reading uncertain)
नव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनव
Formavyaya
ससैनिकैःtogether with soldiers
ससैनिकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-सैनिक
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
जनार्दन (Janārdana/Kṛṣṇa)
कृष्ण (Kṛṣṇa)
दाशार्ह (Dāśārha—epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
पाण्डव (Pāṇḍavas)
सृञ्जय/सूंजय (Sṛñjayas)
यादव (Yādavas)
सैनिक (armies/troops)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not only about avoiding wrongful violence (killing the inviolable) but also about fulfilling necessary justice (not sparing the punishable). Both extremes can generate doṣa; therefore one must act so that righteous responsibility is met without moral stain.

Vaiśampāyana reports counsel directed to Kṛṣṇa: with the Pāṇḍavas, Sṛñjayas, and allied forces, he should undertake a course of action that avoids blame—navigating the impending conflict so that neither wrongful killing nor negligent inaction compromises dharma.