Shloka 18

Devanagari script

इन्द्रियाणामुदीर्णानां कामत्यागो<5प्रमादत: । अप्रमादो<5विहिंसा च ज्ञानयोनिरसंशयम्‌,विषयोंकी ओर दौड़नेवाली इन्द्रियोंकी भोग-कामनाओंका पूर्ण सावधानीके साथ त्याग कर देना, प्रमादसे दूर रहना तथा किसी भी प्राणीकी हिंसा न करना--ये तीन निश्चय ही तत्त्वज्ञानकी उत्पत्तिमें कारण हैं

Transliteration

indriyāṇām udīrṇānāṁ kāmatyāgo 'pramādataḥ | apramādo 'vihiṁsā ca jñānayonir asaṁśayam ||

Translation

Dijo Sañjaya: «Cuando los sentidos se precipitan hacia afuera, hacia sus objetos, renunciar al deseo con vigilante cuidado, permanecer libre de la negligencia y abstenerse de dañar a cualquier ser viviente—estas tres cosas, sin duda, se vuelven la fuente misma de la que nace el conocimiento verdadero.»

Word by Word

इन्द्रियाणाम्of the senses

उदीर्णानाम्of (those) impelled/roused (i.e., rushing forth)

कामत्यागःabandonment of desire (sense-enjoyment craving)

अप्रमादतःwith vigilance / carefully

अप्रमादःvigilance, non-negligence

अहिंसाnon-violence

चand

ज्ञानयोनिःsource/cause of knowledge

असंशयम्undoubtedly

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True knowledge arises from three disciplines: (1) renouncing desire when the senses surge toward objects, (2) maintaining constant vigilance (apramāda), and (3) practicing non-harm (avihiṁsā).

What is happening in the narrative?

In Udyoga Parva, as the great conflict approaches, Sañjaya reports teachings that emphasize inner restraint and ethical conduct—presenting self-mastery and non-violence as foundations for right understanding amid impending war.