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Shloka 16

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman

Udyoga Parva 44

द्वादशैते महादोषा मनुष्यप्राणनाशना: । सनत्सुजातजी कहते हैं--राजन्‌! शोक, क्रोध, लोभ, काम, मान, अत्यन्त निद्रा, ईर्ष्या, मोह, तृष्णा, कायरता, गुणोंमें दोष देखना और निन्‍दा करना--ये बारह महान्‌ दोष मनुष्योंके प्राणनाशक हैं,यतो यज्ञा: प्रवर्धन्ते सत्यस्यैवावरो धनात्‌ । मनसान्यस्य भवति वाचान्यस्याथ कर्मणा क्योंकि सत्यस्वरूप ब्रह्मका बोध न होनेसे ही इन सकाम यज्ञोंकी वृद्धि होती है। किसीका यज्ञ मनसे, किसीका वाणीसे और किसीका क्रियाके द्वारा सम्पन्न होता है

dvādaśaite mahādoṣā manuṣyaprāṇanāśanāḥ | yato yajñāḥ pravardhante satyasyaivāvaro dhanāt | manasānyasya bhavati vācānyasyātha karmaṇā ||

Sanatsujāta dijo: «Oh Rey, hay doce grandes faltas que destruyen la vida humana: aflicción, ira, codicia, deseo, orgullo, sueño excesivo, envidia, engaño, ansia, cobardía, la costumbre de hallar defectos en las virtudes y la calumnia. Porque no se realiza la verdadera naturaleza de la Verdad (Brahman), proliferan los sacrificios movidos por el deseo; el sacrificio de uno se cumple con la mente, el de otro con la palabra, y el de otro con la acción del cuerpo.»

द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महादोषाःgreat faults
महादोषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहादोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मनुष्यप्राणनाशनाःdestroyers of human life
मनुष्यप्राणनाशनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमनुष्यप्राणनाशन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यतःbecause/for
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतः
यज्ञाःsacrifices
यज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रवर्धन्तेincrease, grow
प्रवर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
सत्यस्यof truth / of the True (Brahman)
सत्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अवरःlower, inferior
अवरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनात्from wealth
धनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मनसाby mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्यस्यof another (person)
अन्यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भवतिis/comes to be
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
वाचाby speech
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अन्यस्यof another (person)
अन्यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
कर्मणाby action/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
Brahman (as Satya/Truth)
Y
yajña

Educational Q&A

Sanatsujāta warns that twelve inner vices are ‘life-destroying’ and urges ethical self-governance. He further reframes yajña as not merely an external rite: sacrifice can be mental, verbal, or physical, and when Truth (Brahman/Satya) is not realized, people multiply desire-driven rituals instead of pursuing inner realization.

In Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs King Dhṛtarāṣṭra during a grave political-moral crisis preceding the war. The teaching turns from courtly anxiety to spiritual counsel: identifying destructive emotions and redirecting attention from outward, wealth-linked ritualism to inner discipline and truth-awareness.