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Shloka 78

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

अनाम्नायमला वेदा ब्राह्मणस्याव्रतं मलम्‌,अभ्यास न करना वेदोंका मल है; ब्राह्मगोचित नियमोंका पालन न करना ब्राह्मणका मल है, बाह्नलीकदेश (बलखबुखारा) पृथ्वीका मल है तथा झूठ बोलना पुरुषका मल है, क्रीड़ा एवं हास-परिहासकी उत्सुकता पतिव्रता स्त्रीका मल है और पतिके बिना परदेशमें रहना स्त्रीमात्रका मल है

anāmnāya-malā vedā brāhmaṇasyāvrataṃ malam | bāhlīka-deśaḥ pṛthivyā malaṃ caiva nṛṇāṃ mṛṣā || krīḍā-hāsa-ratir bhartṛ-vratāyā mala ucyate | bhartṛ-hīnā ca yā nārī parā-deśe vasen malam ||

Vidura enseña que el descuido y la falta moral son como manchas que profanan lo que debería ser puro. Los Vedas quedan “manchados” cuando no se estudian ni se recitan; un brahmán queda “manchado” cuando abandona las disciplinas y votos propios de su condición. Una región fronteriza lejana (Bāhlīka) es llamada “mancha” de la tierra, y la mentira es “mancha” del hombre. Para una esposa devota, un gusto excesivo por el juego y la broma frívola se considera una mancha; y para cualquier mujer, vivir en tierra extraña sin su marido se describe también como una mancha.

अनाम्नायमलाःhaving non-recitation as impurity
अनाम्नायमलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनाम्नाय-मल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अव्रतम्non-observance of vows/rules
अव्रतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअ-व्रत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मलम्impurity, stain
मलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
V
Vedas
B
Bāhlīka-deśa (Balkh/Bactria region)
E
Earth (Pṛthivī)
B
Brahmin (Brāhmaṇa)
D
Devoted wife (Bhartṛ-vratā/Pativratā)
F
Foreign land (Parā-deśa)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is preserved by practice: sacred knowledge must be maintained through study, social roles through discipline, and personal integrity through truthfulness and restraint. Neglect, falsehood, and inappropriate conduct are portrayed as ‘stains’ that degrade individuals and institutions.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers moral and political counsel (Vidura-nīti) amid the tense pre-war negotiations. This verse is part of his didactic instruction, listing examples of what counts as moral ‘impurity’ in different domains—scripture, priestly life, human character, and household conduct.