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Shloka 13

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

भृत्यैर्वाणिज्यचारं च पुत्र: सेवेत च द्विजान्‌ । अन्तःपुरकी रक्षाका कार्य पिताको सौंप दे, रसोईघरका प्रबन्ध माताके हाथमें दे दे, गौओंकी सेवामें अपने समान व्यक्तिको नियुक्त करे और कृषिका कार्य स्वयं ही करे। इसी प्रकार सेवकोंद्वारा वाणिज्य--व्यापार करे और पुत्रोंके द्वारा ब्राह्मणोंकी सेवा करे || १२ ६ || अद्भयोडन्नि््रह्यृत: क्षत्रमश्मनो लोहमुत्थितम्‌

bhṛtyair vāṇijya-cāraṁ ca putraḥ seveta ca dvijān | antaḥpura-kī rakṣakā kāryaṁ pitāko sauṁpa de, rasōī-ghara-kā prabandha mātāke hāthameṁ de de, gāvoṁkī sevāmeṁ apne samān vyaktiko niyukta kare aura kṛṣikā kārya svayam hī kare | isī prakāra sevakoṁ-dvārā vāṇijya-vyāpāra kare aura putroṁ-ke dvārā brāhmaṇoṁ-kī sevā kare ||

Vidura aconseja una división disciplinada de los deberes domésticos y económicos: confiar al padre la custodia de los aposentos interiores, poner la administración de la cocina en manos de la madre, designar a un igual capaz para el cuidado del ganado, y supervisar personalmente la agricultura. El comercio debe llevarse por medio de servidores dignos de confianza, mientras que a los hijos se les ha de encaminar al servicio de los brahmanes. El impulso ético es el gobierno ordenado del hogar: delegar con acierto, resguardar los recursos, honrar a los mayores y sostener el dharma apoyando a los brahmanes eruditos.

भृत्यैःby servants
भृत्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाणिज्यचारम्the conduct of trade/commerce
वाणिज्यचारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्यचार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुत्रःthe son
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सेवेतshould serve
सेवेत:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजान्Brahmins (twice-born)
द्विजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
S
servants (bhṛtya)
S
sons (putra)
B
Brahmins / twice-born (dvija)
I
inner palace/inner household (antaḥpura)
C
cows (go)
K
kitchen (implied by Hindi gloss: rasoi-ghara)
F
father (pitā)
M
mother (mātā)

Educational Q&A

Run the household according to dharma through proper delegation: elders handle sensitive internal responsibilities, competent persons manage livestock, one personally supervises essential production like agriculture, commerce is handled via trusted servants, and sons are guided to serve and support Brahmins—thus sustaining social and moral order.

In Vidura’s counsel (Vidura-nīti) within the Udyoga Parva, he lays out practical norms for managing a household and its economy, emphasizing security, orderly administration, and the religious-social duty of honoring and serving Brahmins through one’s family.