Shloka 15

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

Devanagari script

विरोचन उवाच तवा्हते तु फलकं कूर्च वाप्यथवा बृसी । सुधन्वन्‌ न त्वमहोंडसि मया सह समासनम्‌,विरोचनने कहा--सुधन्वन्‌! तुम्हारे लिये तो पीढ़ा, चटाई या कुशका आसन उचित है; तुम मेरे साथ बराबरके आसनपर बैठनेयोग्य हो ही नहीं

Transliteration

virocana uvāca | tavārhate tu phalakaṃ kūrca vāpy athavā bṛsī | sudhanvan na tvam ahoṇḍasi mayā saha samāsanam ||

Translation

Virocana dijo: «Para ti conviene un escabel bajo, una estera o incluso un asiento de hierba kuśa. Oh Sudhanvan, no eres—en absoluto—digno de sentarte en el mismo asiento conmigo».

Word by Word

• विरोचनः: Virocana
• विरोचनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरोचन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular

• तव: for you / your
• तव: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• अर्हते: is fitting / is proper
• अर्हते: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular

• तु: but
• तु: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• फलकम्: a plank/board (seat)
• फलकम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: फलक
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• कूर्चः: a stool/low seat
• कूर्चः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कूर्च
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वा: or
• वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• अपि: also / even
• अपि: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• अथवा: or else
• अथवा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथवा

• बृसी: a mat/seat (cushion)
• बृसी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृसी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सुधन्वन्: O Sudhanvan
• सुधन्वन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुधन्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• न: not
• न: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Singular

• अहो: indeed / alas
• अहो: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अहो

• अण्डसि: are fit / deserve (to sit)
• अण्डसि: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अण्ड
• Form: Present, 2nd, Singular

• मया: with me / by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Singular

• सह: together with
• सह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• समासनम्: equal seat / same seat
• समासनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: समासन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

विरोचन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Virocana
• Sudhanvan
• phalaka (low stool/plank-seat)
• kūrca (mat/cushion)
• bṛsī (seat/bench)
• kuśa-grass seat (implied by the Hindi gloss)