Shloka 4

कामा मनुष्यं प्रसजन्त एते धर्मस्य ये विघ्नमूलं नरेन्द्र | पूर्व नरस्तान्‌ मतिमान्‌ प्रणिघ्न- ल्‍्लोंके प्रशंसां लभतेडनवद्याम्‌,नरेन्द्र! जो धर्माचरणमें विघध्न डालनेकी मूल कारण हैं, वे कामनाएँ प्रत्येक मनुष्यको अपनी ओर खींचती हैं। अतः बुद्धिमान्‌ मनुष्य पहले उन कामनाओंको नष्ट करता है, तदनन्तर जगतमें निर्मल प्रशंसाका भागी होता है

kāmā manuṣyaṃ prasajanta ete dharmasya ye vighnamūlaṃ narendra | pūrvaṃ naras tān matimān praṇighnan loke praśaṃsāṃ labhate ’navadyām ||

Dijo Sañjaya: «Oh rey, esos deseos, que son la raíz misma de los obstáculos al dharma, apresan y arrastran a todo hombre. Por ello, el sabio primero abate esos deseos; y entonces alcanza en el mundo una alabanza pura, sin mancha.»

कामाःdesires
कामाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मनुष्यम्a man, a human
मनुष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रसजन्तेattach (themselves), cling, fasten on
प्रसजन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसञ्ज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्मस्यof dharma, of righteousness
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
येwhich, who
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विघ्नमूलम्the root/cause of obstruction
विघ्नमूलम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविघ्नमूल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नरेन्द्रO king (lord of men)
नरेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पूर्वम्first, beforehand
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तान्those (desires)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मतिमान्intelligent, wise
मतिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमतिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणिघ्नेत्should destroy, should strike down
प्रणिघ्नेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनिघ्न्
FormPresent, Optative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रशंसाम्praise
प्रशंसाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रशंसा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
लभतेobtains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
अनवद्याम्blameless, spotless
अनवद्याम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनवद्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Narendra (the king, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)

Educational Q&A

Desire (kāma) is identified as the root of impediments to dharma; the wise person subdues desire first, and thereby gains blameless reputation and moral standing in society.

In the Udyoga Parva context, Sañjaya addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), offering ethical counsel: before political action and conflict, one must conquer inner impulses—especially desires that derail righteous conduct.