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Shloka 1

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 132 — Vidura’s Counsel on Udyama, Yaśas, and Kṣātra-Dharma

अपन कातज बा | अरूण त्रयस्त्रिशर्दाधिकशततमोब& ध्याय: कुन्तीके द्वारा विदुलोपाख्यानका आरम्भ, विदुलाका रणभूमिसे भागकर आये हुए अपने पुत्रको कड़ी फटकार देकर पुन: युद्धके लिये उत्साहित करना कुन्त्युवाच अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । विदुलायाश्च संवादं पुत्रस्य च परंतप

kunty uvāca | atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṁ purātanam | vidulāyāś ca saṁvādaṁ putrasya ca parantapa ||

Kuntī dijo: «También aquí se cita un antiguo precedente histórico: el diálogo de Vidulā con su hijo, oh abrasador de enemigos; un relato en el que Vidulā reprende con dureza a su hijo cuando regresa del campo de batalla en fuga, y lo incita de nuevo al deber de la guerra y al honor.»

कुन्तीKunti
कुन्ती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्ती
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदाहरन्तिthey cite / they relate (as an example)
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-हृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिहासम्legend / historical tale
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरातनम्ancient
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विदुलायाःof Vidula
विदुलायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootविदुला
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संवादम्dialogue / conversation
संवादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवाद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (her) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परंतपO scorcher of foes (address)
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

K
Kuntī
V
Vidulā
V
Vidulā's son
P
Parantapa (epithet of the addressee)

Educational Q&A

An ancient exemplum is introduced to reinforce kṣatriya-dharma: one must not abandon rightful duty out of fear; moral strength and honor require steadfastness, and wise counsel may sternly correct cowardice for the sake of dharma.

Kuntī begins an illustrative story (Vidulopākhyāna), announcing that she will recount the dialogue between Vidulā and her son—centered on Vidulā’s sharp reprimand and her effort to send him back to the battlefield.