Shloka 21

उद्योगपर्व — गान्धारी-उपदेशः

Udyoga Parva — Gandhārī’s Counsel to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

न शर्म प्राप्स्यसे राजन्नुत्क्रम्य सुहृदां वच: । अधर्म्यमयशस्यं च क्रियते पार्थिव त्वया,राजन! तू हितैषी सुहृदोंकी आज्ञाका उल्लंघन करके कल्याणका भागी नहीं हो सकेगा। भूपाल! तू सदा अधर्म और अपयशका कार्य करता है'

Transliteration

na śarma prāpsyase rājann utkramya suhṛdāṃ vacaḥ | adharmyam ayaśasyaṃ ca kriyate pārthiva tvayā ||

Translation

¡Oh rey! Si transgredes el consejo de tus amigos bienintencionados, no alcanzarás paz ni verdadero bienestar. ¡Oh soberano de la tierra! Lo que haces es contrario al dharma y te acarreará deshonra.

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• शर्म: welfare/comfort (good fortune)
• शर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्मन्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• प्राप्स्यसे: you will attain
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: simple future, 2, singular, Atmanepada

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• उत्क्रम्य: having transgressed/overstepped
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-क्रम्
• Form: absolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), parasmaipada/atmanepada-neutral

• सुहृदाम्: of well-wishers/friends
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुहृद्
• Form: masculine, genitive, plural

• वचः: word/advice
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• अधर्म्यम्: unrighteous
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधर्म्य
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• अयशस्यम्: bringing ill-fame
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अयशस्य
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• क्रियते: is done / is being done
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: present, 3, singular, passive (कर्मणि)

• पार्थिव: O king (earth-lord)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• rājan (a king addressed)
• suhṛd (well-wishing friends)