Shloka 4
Kṣātra-dharma in Campaign and Battle: Protection, Purification, and the Ideal Warrior’s End (क्षात्रधर्मः—अभियानयुद्धे रक्षणदानशुद्धिः)
Devanagari script
उपरुन्धन्ति राजानो भूतानि विजयार्थिन: । त एव विजय प्राप्य वर्धयन्ति पुनः प्रजा:,जो राजा विजयकी कामना रखकर युद्धके समय प्राणियोंको कष्ट पहुँचाते हैं, वे ही विजय प्राप्त कर लेनेके बाद पुनः सारी प्रजाकी उन्नति करते हैं
Transliteration
uparundhanti rājāno bhūtāni vijayārthinaḥ | te eva vijayaṁ prāpya vardhayanti punaḥ prajāḥ ||
Translation
Bhīṣma dijo: “Los reyes, movidos por el deseo de victoria, oprimen a los seres durante la guerra. Pero esos mismos soberanos, una vez asegurado el triunfo, vuelven a fomentar y acrecentar el bienestar y la prosperidad de sus súbditos.”
Word by Word
उपरुन्धन्तिthey obstruct/harass
उपरुन्धन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-रुध्
FormLat, Present, Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूतानिcreatures/beings
भूतानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विजयार्थिनःdesiring victory
विजयार्थिनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविजयार्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey/those (same ones)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विजयम्victory
विजयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active (sense)
वर्धयन्तिthey increase/prosper
वर्धयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवर्ध्
FormLat, Present, Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaK
kings (rājānaḥ)L
living beings (bhūtāni)S
subjects/people (prajāḥ)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes