Shloka 70

Daṇḍanīti and the King as the Cause of Yuga-Order (दण्डनीतिः राजधर्मश्च युगकारणत्वम्)

Devanagari script

धर्मश्षार्थक्ष॒ कामश्न सेवितव्योडथ कालत: । धर्मेण च महीपालश्षिरं पालयते महीम्‌

Transliteration

dharmaś cārthaś ca kāmaś ca sevitavyo ’tha kālataḥ | dharmeṇa ca mahīpālaḥ śiraṃ pālayate mahīm ||

Translation

Bhīṣma dijo: «Dharma, artha y kāma deben ser buscados—cada uno según el tiempo y la circunstancia debidos. Y es por el dharma que un rey salvaguarda su propia cabeza (vida y soberanía) y protege la tierra (su reino y sus súbditos).»

Word by Word

• धर्मः: dharma, righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अर्थः: wealth, polity, purpose
• अर्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कामः: desire, pleasure
• कामः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सेवितव्यः: is to be practiced/served
• Type: Verb
• Root: सेव्
• Form: Gerundive (तव्यत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• कालतः: according to time; from/with regard to time
• कालतः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• धर्मेण: by/through dharma
• धर्मेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महीपालः: king (protector of the earth)
• महीपालः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महीपाल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शिरम्: head
• शिरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पालयते: protects, rules
• Type: Verb
• Root: पाल्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

• महीम्: the earth, land
• महीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• mahīpāla (the king)
• mahī (the earth/kingdom)