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Shloka 36

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

नृपश्रेष्ठ! यह आन्वीक्षिकी विद्या (त्रयी

nṛpaśreṣṭha! iyaṃ ānvīkṣikī vidyā (trayī-vārtā-daṇḍanīti—etāsu tisṛṣu vidyāsu apekṣayā) caturthī proktā. eṣā mokṣe sahāyinī. pañcaviṃśe tattvarūpe puruṣeṇa adhiṣṭhitāṃ tāṃ vidyāṃ mayā te pratipāditā (sā viśvāvasoḥ samīpe’pi kathitā) || athoktas tu mayā rājan rājā viśvāvāsuḥ tadā | śrūyatāṃ yad bhavān asmān praśnaṃ sampṛṣṭavān iha ||

«Oh el mejor de los reyes, esta disciplina llamada Ānvīkṣikī—contada como la cuarta ciencia en relación con las tres (la tríada védica, la economía y el arte del gobierno y el castigo)—se declara ayuda en el camino hacia la liberación. Ya te he expuesto ese conocimiento que se asienta en el vigésimo quinto principio, el Puruṣa; la misma enseñanza fue también pronunciada en presencia del rey Viśvāvasu. Entonces, oh rey, me dirigí al rey Viśvāvasu: “Oh señor de los Gandharvas, escucha ahora la respuesta a la pregunta que me has formulado aquí.”»

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उक्तःhaving been addressed/said (to)
उक्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विश्वावसुःViśvāvasu (name)
विश्वावसुः:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootविश्वावसु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
श्रूयताम्let it be heard / please listen
श्रूयताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Plural
प्रश्नम्question
प्रश्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सम्पृष्टवान्has asked / having asked
सम्पृष्टवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्रच्छ्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past active participle (periphrastic perfect sense)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
N
nṛpaśreṣṭha (addressed king)
V
Viśvāvasu (Gandharva king)
G
Gandharvarāja (lord of the Gandharvas)
Ā
Ānvīkṣikī vidyā
T
trayī
V
vārtā
D
daṇḍanīti
M
mokṣa
P
puruṣa (25th tattva)

Educational Q&A

Ānvīkṣikī—disciplined philosophical inquiry—is presented as a distinct and superior aid to mokṣa, because it is grounded in knowledge of Puruṣa (the 25th principle), i.e., the conscious self that underlies and transcends material categories.

Yājñavalkya reminds the king that he has already taught this liberating inquiry and notes that the same doctrine was taught earlier to the Gandharva king Viśvāvasu; he then transitions into addressing Viśvāvasu directly, inviting him to hear the answer to his question.