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Shloka 5

Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse

ऊर्ध्व॑ स देहात्‌ सूव्यक्त विमुच्येदिति नान्यथा । एठदाहुर्महाप्राज्ञा: सांख्ये वै मोक्षदर्शनम्‌,सांख्यमतके माननेवाले महाज्ञानी द्विज मोक्षका युक्तियुक्त कारण इस प्रकार बताते हैं --सब प्रकारकी गतियोंको जानकर जो विषयोंसे विरक्त हो जाता है, वही देहत्यागके अनन्तर मुक्त होता है। यह बात स्पष्टरूपसे सबकी समझमें आ सकती है। दूसरे किसी उपायसे मोक्ष मिलना असम्भव है। इस प्रकार वे सांख्यको ही मोक्षदर्शन कहते हैं

ūrdhvaṃ sa dehāt suvyaktaṃ vimucyed iti nānyathā | etad āhur mahāprājñāḥ sāṅkhye vai mokṣa-darśanam |

Bhīṣma dijo: «Se entiende con claridad que uno es liberado hacia lo alto (a la liberación) sólo después de abandonar el cuerpo; no hay otro modo. Los grandes sabios declaran que el Sāṅkhya es, en verdad, la “visión de la liberación”: al discernir los cursos de la experiencia mundana y volverse desapasionado ante los objetos de los sentidos, el hombre alcanza la libertad tras la muerte; ningún método alternativo puede otorgar realmente el mokṣa.»

ऊर्ध्वम्upwards; above
ऊर्ध्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऊर्ध्व
FormAvyaya (directional adverb)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
देहात्from the body
देहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, ablative, singular
सुव्यक्तम्clearly; distinctly
सुव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुव्यक्त
FormNeuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially)
विमुच्येतwould be released; becomes free
विमुच्येत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+मुच्
FormOptative (vidhi-liṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular; present-system
इतिthus; 'that'
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
FormAvyaya (quotative particle)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (negation)
अन्यथाotherwise; in another way
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
FormAvyaya (manner adverb)
एतत्this (statement)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
आहुःthey say; they declare
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
महाप्राज्ञाःgreatly wise (men)
महाप्राज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
सांख्येin Sāṅkhya
सांख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, locative, singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormAvyaya (emphatic particle)
मोक्षदर्शनम्the doctrine/vision of liberation
मोक्षदर्शनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्षदर्शन
FormNeuter, nominative/accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
S
Sāṅkhya

Educational Q&A

Liberation is attained through clear discriminative knowledge and detachment (as emphasized in Sāṅkhya); release occurs after the body is cast off, and no other supposed shortcut can replace this insight-driven renunciation.

In the Śānti Parva instruction, Bhīṣma continues advising on the path to liberation, presenting the view of the great sages that Sāṅkhya—discriminating the self from material nature and becoming dispassionate toward sense-objects—is the authentic doctrine leading to mokṣa.