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Shloka 4

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

क्षत्रियका पुत्र यदि समरांगणमें घायल होकर बाणोंकी चितापर दग्ध होता है तो वह देवदुर्लभ लोकोंमें जाता और वहाँ आनन्दपूर्वक स्वर्गीय-सुख भोगता है ।। श्रान्तं भीत॑ भ्रष्टशस्त्रं रुदन्तं पराड्मुखं पारिबर्द श्व हीनम्‌ अनुद्यन्तं रोगिणं याचमानं न वै हिंस्यथाद्‌ बालवृद्धौ च राजन्‌,राजन! जो युद्धमें थका हुआ हो, भयभीत हो, जिसने हथियार नीचे डाल दिया हो, जो रोता हो, पीठ दिखाकर भाग रहा हो, जिसके पास युद्धका कोई भी सामान न रह गया हो, जो युद्धविषयक उद्यम छोड़ चुका हो, रोगी हो और प्राणोंकी भीख माँगता हो तथा जो अवस्थामें बालक या वृद्ध हो, ऐसे शत्रुका वध नहीं करना चाहिये

kṣatriyakā putra yadi samarāṅgaṇeṁ ghāyala hokara bāṇoṁ kī citā par dagdha hotā hai to vah devadurlabha lokoṁ meṁ jātā aur vahāṁ ānandapūrvak svargīya-sukha bhogatā hai || śrāntaṁ bhītaṁ bhraṣṭaśastraṁ rudantaṁ parāṅmukhaṁ paribaddhaśva-hīnam | anudyantaṁ rogiṇaṁ yācamānaṁ na vai hiṁsyathā bāla-vṛddhau ca rājan ||

Parāśara dijo: «Si el hijo de un kṣatriya, herido en el campo de batalla, es consumido sobre una pira de flechas, alcanza mundos difíciles de lograr incluso para los dioses, y allí goza con júbilo de la dicha celestial. Pero, oh rey, no debe golpearse al enemigo que está exhausto, aterrorizado, que ha soltado las armas, que llora, que huye dando la espalda, que ha sido privado de su caballo y pertrechos, que ha cesado todo empeño marcial, que está enfermo o que suplica por su vida; ni debe matarse a un adversario que sea niño o anciano.»

श्रान्तम्exhausted
श्रान्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रान्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीतम्afraid
भीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भ्रष्टशस्त्रम्one whose weapon has fallen/been lost
भ्रष्टशस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्टशस्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रुदन्तम्crying
रुदन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरुदत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पराङ्मुखम्one who has turned away (fleeing)
पराङ्मुखम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिबाधश्वहीनम्deprived of horse and impediments/means (i.e., without support/transport)
परिबाधश्वहीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिबाधश्वहीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुद्यन्तम्not striving / having ceased effort
अनुद्यन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुद्यत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रोगिणम्a sick man
रोगिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरोगिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
याचमानम्begging (for life/mercy)
याचमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयाचमान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
हिंस्यथyou should harm/kill
हिंस्यथ:
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस्
FormImperative, Second, Plural, Parasmaipada
बालवृद्धौa boy and an old man (the young and the old)
बालवृद्धौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबालवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
R
rājan (the king, addressee)
K
kṣatriya-putra (son of a Kṣatriya)
S
samarāṅgaṇa (battlefield)
B
bāṇa (arrows)
C
citā (funeral pyre)
S
svarga (heaven)
D
devadurlabha lokāḥ (rare celestial realms)

Educational Q&A

The passage balances valor with restraint: heroic death in righteous battle is praised as leading to exalted realms, yet dharma forbids killing those who are helpless—exhausted, weaponless, fleeing, sick, pleading, or too young/old—because such killing violates the ethical limits of warfare.

Parāśara instructs a king on proper conduct in war. He first states the merit and heavenly reward associated with a Kṣatriya who dies wounded in battle, then immediately lays down prohibitions against slaying certain categories of vulnerable enemies, defining what honorable combat must exclude.