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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 272: Vṛtrasya Dharmiṣṭhatā, Indrasya Mohaḥ, Vasiṣṭha-upadeśaḥ

Vṛtra’s dharmic stature; Indra’s disorientation; Vasiṣṭha’s counsel

वह इससे तृप्त न होनेके कारण विवेकदृष्टिसे वैराग्यको ही ग्रहण करता है, बुद्धिरूप नेत्रके खुल जानेके कारण जब वह कामोपभोग, रस और गन्धमें अनुरक्त नहीं होता तथा शब्द, स्पर्श और रूपमें भी उसका चित्त नहीं फँसता, तब वह सब कामनाओंसे मुक्त हो जाता है और धर्मका त्याग नहीं करता ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | sa etena atṛptaḥ san viveka-dṛṣṭyā vairāgyam eva gṛhṇāti | buddhi-rūpa-netrasya prabodhāt yadā sa kāmopabhogeṣu rase gandhe ca nānurajyate, śabda-sparśa-rūpeṣu ca tasya cittaṁ na sajjate, tadā sa sarva-kāmebhyo mucyate na ca dharmaṁ tyajati || sarva-tyāge ca yatate dṛṣṭvā lokaṁ kṣayātmakam | tato mokṣāya yatate nānupāyād upāyataḥ ||

Dijo Bhishma: Cuando un hombre no halla satisfacción en los goces del mundo, abraza el desapego mediante la mirada clara del discernimiento. Una vez que se abre el “ojo” de la inteligencia, ya no se aferra al deleite sensual; no se apega al gusto ni al olor; y su mente tampoco queda atrapada por el sonido, el tacto y la forma. Entonces queda libre de todo deseo, sin por ello abandonar el dharma. Al ver que todos los mundos son perecederos, se esfuerza por la renuncia interior de todo; y después se aplica a la liberación, no por medios indignos, sino por los medios rectos. Así, cuando el desapego surge poco a poco, abandona las acciones pecaminosas, se vuelve justo y, por último, alcanza la suprema liberación.

सर्वत्यागेin (the act of) total renunciation
सर्वत्यागे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वत्याग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यततेstrives / makes effort
यतते:
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (यतते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
लोकम्the world
लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्षयात्मकम्of the nature of perishing / destructible
क्षयात्मकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षयात्मक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthereafter / from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
मोक्षायfor liberation
मोक्षाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमोक्ष
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
यततेstrives
यतते:
TypeVerb
Rootयत् (यतते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुपायात्from a wrong means / improper method
अनुपायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुपाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
उपायतःfrom a proper means / by right method
उपायतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Dispassion born of discernment frees one from desire: when the intellect awakens, the mind stops clinging to the sense-objects (sound, touch, form, taste, smell). One should renounce inwardly, see the world as perishable, and pursue liberation through proper means—without abandoning dharma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising on the path of liberation. He describes the psychological shift from dissatisfaction with pleasures to awakened discernment, leading to non-attachment, ethical steadiness, and finally the pursuit and attainment of moksha by right methods.