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Shloka 34

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

“त्रेतायुग आनेपर धर्मका प्रचार एक चौथाई कम हो जाता है, द्वापरमें धर्मके दो ही पैर रह जाते हैं; परंतु कलियुगमें तो धर्मका चतुर्थ भाग ही शेष रह जाता है ।।

tretāyuge ānepare dharmasya pracāraḥ pādonaḥ bhavati; dvāpare dharmasya dvau eva pādau tiṣṭhataḥ; kaliyuge tu dharmasya caturtha-bhāga-mātraḥ śiṣyate. tathā kaliyuge prāpte rājño duścaritena ca kāla-viśeṣasya prabhāvena ca dharmasya ṣoḍaśī kalā-mātrā śeṣā bhaviṣyati.

Dijo Humatsena: «En la era de Tretā, la difusión y la fuerza del dharma disminuyen en una cuarta parte; en la era de Dvāpara, al dharma le quedan sólo dos “piernas”; pero en la era de Kali apenas subsiste una cuarta parte del dharma. Y cuando llega la era de Kali, por la conducta corrupta del rey y por la influencia particular de ese tiempo mismo, del dharma entero no quedará sino una dieciseisava parte». La enseñanza es que el orden moral decae no sólo por las tendencias de una época, sino también porque la mala conducta de los gobernantes acelera y ahonda esa decadencia.

तथाthus/and then
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कलियुगेin the Kali age
कलियुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकलियुग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्राप्तेwhen (it) has arrived/come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दुश्चरितेनby evil conduct/misdeeds
दुश्चरितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुश्चरित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवेत्would be/comes to be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कालविशेषेणby the particular time/period
कालविशेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालविशेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कलाa part/fraction (a 'kalā')
कला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मस्यof dharma/righteousness
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
षोडशीsixteenth (i.e., 1/16th)
षोडशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडश
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humat­sena
T
Tretāyuga
D
Dvāparayuga
K
Kaliyuga
T
the king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

Dharma progressively weakens across the yugas, and in Kali it becomes extremely small; this decline is driven both by the inherent influence of the age (kāla) and by the ruler’s immoral conduct, implying that ethical leadership can either preserve or hasten the collapse of social righteousness.

Humat­sena is explaining a doctrinal account of yuga-based moral degeneration, using the metaphor of dharma’s ‘legs’ and fractional portions, and emphasizing that when Kali arrives, the king’s misrule together with the time’s power leaves only a tiny remnant of dharma.