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Shloka 3

कपिल–स्यूमरश्मि संवादः

Kapila and Syūmaraśmi on Renunciation, Householder Support, and Epistemic Authority

अध्यगा नैछिकीं बुद्धिं कुतस्त्वामिदमागतम्‌ । एतदाचक्ष्व मे सर्व निखिलेन महामते,महामते! तुम्हें यह धर्ममें निष्ठा रखनेवाली बुद्धि कहाँसे प्राप्त हुई? तुम्हें यह ज्ञान कैसे सुलभ हुआ? यह सब पूर्णरूपसे मुझे बताओ

bhīṣma uvāca |

adhyagā naiṣṭhikīṃ buddhiṃ kutas tvām idam āgatam |

etad ācakṣva me sarvaṃ nikhilena mahāmate ||

Bhishma dijo: «¿De dónde adquiriste esta comprensión firme, asentada en el dharma? ¿Cómo llegó a ti esta lucidez? Oh magnánimo, cuéntamelo todo por completo, con todo detalle».

अध्यगाःyou have attained/learned
अध्यगाः:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम् (गम्)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
नैष्ठिकीम्steadfast, firmly established (in dharma)
नैष्ठिकीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनैष्ठिक (निष्ठा)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बुद्धिम्understanding, intellect
बुद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कुतःfrom where? how?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आगतम्has come/occurred (to you)
आगतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम् (गम्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this (matter)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell, explain
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चक्ष्
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2, Singular, Ātmanepada
मेto me / for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative/Genitive (enclitic), Singular
सर्वम्all (of it)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निखिलेनcompletely, in full detail
निखिलेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिखिल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महामतेO great-minded one
महामते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहामति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
महामतेO great-minded one
महामते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहामति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical importance of tracing wisdom to its source: steadfast dharmic discernment is not assumed to be accidental, but something learned or received through discipline, instruction, or experience, and it should be articulated clearly for the benefit of others.

Bhishma, in the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, addresses a wise interlocutor and asks how that person obtained unwavering, dharma-centered understanding, requesting a complete account of the origin and means of that knowledge.