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Shloka 13

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

रहस्यं सर्ववेदानामनैतिहमनागमम्‌ | आत्मप्रत्ययिकं शास्त्रमिदं पुत्रानुशसनम्‌,बेटा! मैंने जो यह उपदेश दिया है, यह परमात्माका ज्ञान करानेवाला शास्त्र है। यही सम्पूर्ण वेदोंका रहस्य है। केवल अनुमान या आगमसे इसका ज्ञान नहीं होता, अनुभवसे ही यह ठीक-ठीक समझमें आता है मनो बुद्धि: स्वभावश्च त्रय एते स्वयोनिजा: । न गुणानतिवर्तन्ते गुणेभ्य: परमागता: मन, बुद्धि और स्वभाव (अहंभाव)-ये तीनों अपने कारणभूत पूर्वसंस्कारोंसे उत्पन्न हुए हैं। ये तीनों पाउचभौतिक होते हुए भी भूतोंके अन्य कार्य जो श्रोत्रादि हैं, उनसे श्रेष्ठ हैं तो भी गुणोंका सर्वथा उल्लंघन नहीं कर पाते हैं

vyāsa uvāca | rahasyaṁ sarvavedānām anaitihyam anāgamam | ātmapratyayikaṁ śāstram idaṁ putrānuśāsanam | mano buddhiḥ svabhāvaś ca traya ete svayonijāḥ | na guṇān ativartante guṇebhyaḥ paramāgatāḥ |

Dijo Vyāsa: «Hijo mío, esta instrucción es el secreto interior de todos los Vedas; no queda establecida por mera tradición ni por lo recibido de oídas. Es una enseñanza verificada en la propia conciencia directa, una disciplina que conduce al conocimiento del Sí mismo. Mente, intelecto y disposición innata —el sentido de “yo” y la naturaleza habitual (ahaṃkāra)—: estos tres nacen de sus propias fuentes causales, de impresiones anteriores. Aunque sean sutiles y superiores a otros productos de los elementos, no pueden trascender por completo los guṇa; operan dentro de los guṇa de los que han surgido.»

रहस्यम्secret, esoteric truth
रहस्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरहस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्व-वेदानाम्of all the Vedas
सर्व-वेदानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + वेद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनैतिह्यम्not based on tradition/itihya (hearsay)
अनैतिह्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनैतिह्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनागमम्not derived from (mere) scripture/received authority
अनागमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आत्म-प्रत्ययिकम्based on self-realization/inner certainty
आत्म-प्रत्ययिकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् + प्रत्ययिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्रम्teaching, treatise
शास्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुत्र-अनुशासनम्instruction to a son
पुत्र-अनुशासनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र + अनुशासन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्वभावःnature, disposition
स्वभावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्व-योनिजाःborn of their own source (self-originated)
स्व-योनिजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + योनिज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गुणान्the qualities (gunas)
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अति-वर्तन्तेthey transcend, go beyond
अति-वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + √वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
गुणेभ्यःfrom the qualities (gunas)
गुणेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
परम्-आगताःeven if they have reached the highest
परम्-आगताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम् + आ + √गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past active participle (क्त)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
P
putra (son, unnamed)

Educational Q&A

The passage asserts that the deepest Vedic secret is Self-knowledge verified by direct inner certainty (ātma-pratyaya), not merely by tradition or second-hand authority. It also teaches that mind, intellect, and innate disposition arise from prior causes and remain conditioned by the three guṇas, so liberation requires understanding and disentangling from guṇa-bound functioning rather than expecting these faculties to transcend guṇas on their own.

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa addresses his son as a teacher, presenting a concise, philosophical admonition. He frames his counsel as an experiential doctrine of the Self and then analyzes the psychological instruments (mind, intellect, disposition) to show their dependence on prakṛti’s guṇas, guiding the listener toward a mokṣa-oriented understanding.