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Shloka 28

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

शून्या गिरिगुहा श्वैव देवतायतनानि च । शून्यागाराणि चैकाग्रो निवासार्थमुपक्रमेत्‌,सत्त्वसंसेवनाद धीरो निद्रामुच्छेत्तुमरहति । विद्वानोंने योगके जो काम, क्रोध, लोभ, भय और पाँचवाँ स्वप्र--ये पाँच दोष बताये हैं उनका पूर्णतया उच्छेद करे। इनमेंसे क्रोधको शम (मनोनिग्रह) के द्वारा जीते, कामको संकल्पके त्यागद्वारा पराजित करे तथा धीर पुरुष सत्वगुणका सेवन करनेसे निद्राका उच्छेद कर सकता है

śūnyā giriguhāś caiva devatāyatanāni ca | śūnyāgārāṇi caikāgro nivāsārtham upakramet | sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Vyāsa said: “Let a focused seeker undertake to dwell in empty mountain-caves, in deserted shrines of the gods, and in uninhabited houses. By cultivating sattva (clarity and purity), a steadfast person becomes fit to cut off sleep (sloth and torpor).” The ethical thrust is ascetic discipline: choosing solitude and simplicity to weaken inner faults and strengthen clarity, vigilance, and self-mastery.

शून्याःempty
शून्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
गिरिगुहाःmountain-caves
गिरिगुहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगिरिगुहा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
श्वindeed/also (particle; reading uncertain)
श्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्व
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
देवतायतनानिtemples/shrines of deities
देवतायतनानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवतायतन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शून्यागाराणिempty houses/dwellings
शून्यागाराणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशून्यागार
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकाग्रःsingle-pointed, concentrated
एकाग्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकाग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निवासार्थम्for the purpose of dwelling
निवासार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवासार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपक्रमेत्should resort to / should undertake
उपक्रमेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-क्रम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्by/through the practice of sattva (goodness)
सत्त्वसंसेवनात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्वसंसेवन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
धीरःthe steadfast/wise man
धीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निद्राम्sleep
निद्राम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उच्छेत्तुम्to cut off, to remove
उच्छेत्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-छिद्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हतिis able/fit; deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
mountain-caves (giriguhā)
T
temples/shrines (devatāyatanāni)
E
empty houses (śūnyāgārāṇi)