Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)
प्रजासर्गेण दारैश्न ब्रह्मचर्येण वा पुन: । वने गुरुसकाशे वा यतिधर्मेण वा पुन:
vyāsa uvāca | prajāsargeṇa dāraiś ca brahmacaryeṇa vā punaḥ | vane gurusakāśe vā yatidharmeṇa vā punaḥ ||
Dijo Vyāsa: Uno puede elegir sostener el dharma entrando en la vida de casa—tomando esposa y engendrando descendencia—o, de nuevo, manteniendo el brahmacarya (celibato) de por vida. O puede vivir en el bosque, o permanecer cerca de su maestro, o, de nuevo, vivir conforme a la disciplina del renunciante (saṃnyāsa). Así se reconocen múltiples sendas legítimas de vida, cada una fundada en el autodominio y la recta conducta.
व्यास उवाच
The verse affirms that dharma can be pursued through multiple sanctioned life-paths—householder life with progeny, lifelong celibacy, forest-dwelling discipline, service near a guru, or renunciant practice—emphasizing that ethical living depends on disciplined conduct rather than a single uniform lifestyle.
In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa is presenting a normative teaching on permissible modes of life and spiritual discipline, outlining alternative commitments a person may adopt according to aptitude and intention.