Shloka 11
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
तत्र विज्ञानसंयुक्ता त्रिविधा चेतना ध्रुवा । सुखदु:खेति यामाहुरदुः:खामसुखेति च
tatra vijñānasaṁyuktā trividhā cetanā dhruvā | sukhaduḥkheti yām āhur aduḥkhām asukheti ca ||
Dijo Bhīṣma: «En este asunto, la conciencia, unida al conocimiento discriminativo, es firmemente de tres clases. Los sabios la describen como: (1) la que experimenta placer y dolor, (2) la que está libre de dolor, y (3) la que carece de placer; así distinguen las respuestas de la mente según lo que debe aceptarse, rechazarse o dejarse de lado.»
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma classifies consciousness, when guided by discernment (vijñāna), into three stable modes: one that undergoes pleasure and pain, one that is free from pain, and one that is without pleasure—pointing to ethical discrimination in relation to objects as acceptable, rejectable, or to be treated with equanimity.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma continues a philosophical-ethical exposition, explaining how the mind’s awareness functions in different experiential modes and how discernment shapes one’s engagement with worldly objects.