Shloka 21
दमप्रशंसा — Praise of Self-Restraint
Dama
इन्द्रियोंकी उत्पत्ति और लय--ये दोनों कार्य रजोगुणमें ही होते हैं। विद्वान् पुरुष शास्त्रदृष्टिसे इन बातोंकी भलीभाँति परीक्षा करके यथोचित आचरण करे ।।
indriyāṇāṁ utpattiḥ layaś ca—ete ubhau kāryau rajoguṇe eva bhavataḥ | vidvān puruṣaḥ śāstradṛṣṭyā etāḥ kathāḥ samyak parīkṣya yathocitam ācaret || jñānendriyāṇi indriyārthān na upasarpanti atṛṣṇulam | hīnaiḥ karaṇaiḥ dehī na dehaṁ punaḥ arhati ||
Bhīṣma explica que el surgir y el disolverse de los sentidos son funciones arraigadas en rajas (la cualidad de la actividad y la agitación). Por ello, el sabio debe examinarlas bien con la mirada de la escritura y obrar de modo apropiado. Cuando no hay deseo, los sentidos cognitivos ya no corren hacia sus objetos; y cuando el ser encarnado queda libre del apego a los objetos de los sentidos—como si sus instrumentos se debilitaran—ya no vuelve a asumir otro cuerpo.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Craving drives the senses outward and sustains embodied existence; when thirst for objects is extinguished and the senses no longer pursue their targets, the basis for further embodiment (rebirth) is removed. Hence one should examine this through śāstra and practice appropriate restraint and detachment.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his counsel on inner discipline and liberation-oriented ethics, explaining how the guṇas—especially rajas—relate to the activity of the senses and how freedom from desire leads toward release from repeated embodiment.