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Shloka 27

Vimokṣa-niścaya: Pañcaśikha’s Analysis of Aggregates, Guṇas, and Tyāga (मोक्षनिर्णयः)

भीष्म उवाच दोषैर्मूलादवच्चिन्नैरविंशुद्धात्मा विमुच्यते । विनाशयति सम्भूतमयस्मयमयो यथा । तथा कृतात्मा सहजैदररषि्नश्यति तामसै:

bhīṣma uvāca doṣair mūlād avacchinnair aviśuddhātmā vimucyate | vināśayati sambhūtam ayasmayam ayo yathā | tathā kṛtātmā sahajair doṣair naśyati tāmasaiḥ ||

Dijo Bhishma: Oh rey, cuando las faltas son cercenadas junto con su raíz, el ser interior—antes impuro—se purifica y queda libre de la atadura del mundo. Así como una herramienta de hierro, hecha también de hierro, puede cortar una cadena de hierro y, al hacerlo, se desgasta hasta consumirse, del mismo modo el intelecto disciplinado y purificado destruye los defectos innatos nacidos del tamas; y, cumplida esa destrucción, él mismo se aquieta y reposa.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
दोषैःby/with faults
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मूलात्from the root; from the source
मूलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अवच्छिन्नैःcut off; severed
अवच्छिन्नैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअवच्छिन्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अविशुद्धात्माone whose inner self is impure
अविशुद्धात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअविशुद्ध-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विमुच्यतेis released; becomes free
विमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+मुच्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
विनाशयतिdestroys
विनाशयति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+नश् (णिच्)
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सम्भूतम्produced; arisen
सम्भूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अयस्मयम्made of iron
अयस्मयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअयस्मय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अयःiron
अयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कृतात्माone with disciplined/self-controlled mind
कृतात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहजैःinnate; inborn
सहजैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसहज
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
दोषैःby/with faults
दोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नश्यतिperishes; is destroyed
नश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तामसैःborn of tamas; dark/ignorant
तामसैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
T
the King (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied addressee)
I
iron (ayaḥ)
I
iron chain (implied by the simile)
I
iron tool/chisel (implied by the simile)

Educational Q&A

Freedom comes when defects are removed along with their root-cause (ignorance/delusion). A purified, disciplined intellect can eliminate innate tamasic tendencies; once its task is done, even that corrective instrument becomes still, indicating the settling of mental activity after purification.

In the Śānti Parva instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma explains a method of inner purification: destroy faults at their source. He illustrates it with a simile—iron cutting iron—showing how a tool used to remove bondage may itself be worn away, paralleling how the refined intellect quiets after removing tamasic defects.