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Shloka 163

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

भविता च विवादोऊत्र तव तेषां च धर्मतः । तब सावित्रीदेवीने मधुर वाणीमें “तथास्तु” कहा। इसके बाद देवीने ब्राह्मणका प्रिय करनेकी इच्छासे यह दूसरा वचन और कहा--:विप्रवर! जहाँ दूसरे श्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मण गये हैं

bhavitā ca vivādo 'tra tava teṣāṃ ca dharmataḥ | tataḥ sāvitrīdevī madhuravāṇyā me "tathāstu" ity uvāca | tataḥ paraṃ devī brāhmaṇasya priyaṃ kartum icchantī idaṃ dvitīyaṃ vacanam apy āha— vipravara! yatra anye śreṣṭhā brāhmaṇā gatāḥ, teṣu svargādiṣu nimnaśreṇīṣu lokeṣu tvaṃ na gamiṣyasi | tubhyaṃ svabhāvasiddhaṃ nirdōṣaṃ brahmapadaṃ prāpsyasi | tvayā mayi yātra prārthanā kṛtā sā paripūrṇā bhaviṣyati | ahaṃ tāṃ paripūrayituṃ yatnaṃ kariṣyāmi | tvaṃ niyamapūrvakam ekāgracitto japaṃ kuru | dharmaḥ svayam tava sevāyāṃ upasthāsyati | kālaḥ mṛtyuś ca yamaś ca api tava nikaṭaṃ upagamiṣyanti, teṣāṃ sarvaiḥ saha iha dharmānukūlo vāda-vivādaś ca bhaviṣyati |

Bhīṣma dijo: «Aquí, conforme al dharma, surgirá una disputa entre tú y ellos». Entonces la diosa Sāvitrī, con voz dulce, me dijo: «Tathāstu: así sea». Después, deseosa de conceder al brahmán lo que le era querido, la diosa pronunció una segunda promesa: «Oh el mejor de los brāhmaṇas, no irás a esos mundos de rango inferior, que comienzan con el cielo, adonde han ido otros brāhmaṇas eminentes. Alcanzarás el Brahman-pada, el estado de Brahman, sin mancha y sin defecto, establecido naturalmente en su propia pureza. La súplica que me has hecho aquí será cumplida; me esforzaré por llevarla a término. Practica el japa con la mente concentrada, observando tus disciplinas. El propio Dharma vendrá a servirte. Kāla (el Tiempo), Mṛtyu (la Muerte) y Yama también se acercarán a ti, y aquí habrá con todos ellos una controversia conforme al dharma».

भविताwill be
भविता:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलृट् (simple future), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विवादःdispute, debate
विवादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविवाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उतalso / moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
तवof you / your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, genitive, singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मतःaccording to dharma / by right
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्यय (ablatival adverb)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Savitri (Sāvitrī-devī)
B
Brahmin (vipra)
D
Dharma (personified)
K
Kāla (Time)
M
Mṛtyu (Death)
Y
Yama
S
Svarga (Heaven)
B
Brahmapada (state of Brahman)

Educational Q&A

The passage elevates disciplined spiritual practice (niyama and one-pointed japa) as a means to the highest goal—faultless brahmapada—surpassing even meritorious heavenly worlds. It also frames ethical truth as something that can withstand scrutiny: dharma itself, along with cosmic forces like Time, Death, and Yama, becomes the arena and standard for a righteous debate.

Bhishma recounts that Savitri grants assent (“tathāstu”) and then offers a further boon to a brahmin: he will not go to lesser celestial realms but will attain the pure Brahman-state. She instructs him to practice japa with disciplined concentration, promising that Dharma—and even Kāla, Mṛtyu, and Yama—will come near, leading to a dharma-aligned disputation.