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Shloka 13

मनुरुवाच — इन्द्रिय-मनः-ज्ञान-क्रमः

Manu on the hierarchy of senses, mind, and knowledge

एतत्‌ सर्वमशेषेण यथोक्तं परिवर्तयेत्‌ । निवृत्तं मार्गमासाद्य व्यक्ताव्यक्तमनाश्रयम्‌

etad sarvam aśeṣeṇa yathoktaṁ parivartayet | nivṛttaṁ mārgam āsādya vyaktāvyaktam anāśrayam || duṣprajñena nirayā bahavaḥ samudāhṛtāḥ | praśastaṁ jāpakatvaṁ ca doṣāśrayate tad-ātmakaḥ ||

Bhishma dijo: «Habiendo practicado, sin deseo egoísta, todas las disciplinas antes descritas, uno debe transformarlas por completo: apartarse del camino de la actividad exterior y entrar en el camino de la renuncia (nivṛtti). Tomando refugio en esa vía renunciante—de la que se dice que se vincula con lo manifiesto (vyakta), lo inmanifiesto (avyakta) y lo sin apoyo (anāśraya)—debe volverse firme de mente. Con todo, cuando el entendimiento es defectuoso, se declaran muchos destinos infernales; y aun el estado, por lo demás loable, de ser repetidor de mantras se mancha, pues el practicante queda modelado por esos mismos defectos.»

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अशेषेणcompletely, without remainder
अशेषेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअशेष
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
उक्तम्said, stated
उक्तम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootवच्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
परिवर्तयेत्should transform/turn (it) around
परिवर्तयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (वर्तते) / वर्त्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular, Active
निवृत्तम्withdrawn; of cessation
निवृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple/Adjective
Rootनि-वृत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
मार्गम्path
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving reached/attained
आसाद्य:
TypeGerund
Rootआ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
व्यक्तthe manifest
व्यक्त:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनाश्रयम्without support; supportless
अनाश्रयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअनाश्रय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
G
Gayatri (implied in the surrounding passage)
B
Brahman (the unmanifest, implied in the surrounding passage)
N
Niraya (hell)

Educational Q&A

Spiritual disciplines must be redirected from outward, desire-driven activity (pravṛtti) to inward renunciation (nivṛtti). Even good practices like japa can become harmful if guided by defective understanding; right insight and purity of intention are essential.

In the Shanti Parva dialogue, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on the renunciant path and warns that misguided intellect can corrupt even commendable religious practice, leading to downfall rather than liberation.