Shloka 144
आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः
Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca
मित्रे वा यदि वा शत्रौ तस्यापि चलिता मति: । “जो मनुष्य स्वार्थके सम्बन्धका विचार किये बिना ही मित्रोंपर केवल विश्वास और शत्रुओंपर केवल अविश्वास करता जाता है तथा जो शत्रु हो या मित्र
mitre vā yadi vā śatrau tasyāpi calitā matiḥ | na viśvased aviśvaste viśvaste nātiviśvaset ||
Bhishma dijo: “Ya se trate de un amigo o de un enemigo, la mente de quien actúa por mera costumbre—confiando ciegamente en los amigos y desconfiando ciegamente de los enemigos, sin examinar el propio interés y las circunstancias—permanece inestable. Por ello, no debe depositarse confianza en quien no es digno de ella; y aun en quien es digno, no debe ponerse una confianza excesiva. (Este consejo se ilustra en el relato que sigue, sobre la liberación del gato de la red de un Caṇḍāla gracias a la ayuda de un ratón.)”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma teaches measured trust: do not trust those who are untrustworthy, and even with trustworthy people avoid overconfidence. Blind trust in friends and automatic suspicion of enemies—without assessing motives and context—signals unstable judgment.
Bhishma is giving Yudhiṣṭhira practical nīti in the Śānti Parva. He frames the maxim about trust and then points to an illustrative story: a cat is freed from a Caṇḍāla’s net with the help of a mouse, showing how appearances and relationships can be deceptive and why discernment is necessary.