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Shloka 36

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

नान्यानपीडयित्वेह कोश: शक्‍्य: कुतो बलम्‌ । तदर्थ पीडयित्वा च दोषं प्राप्तुंन सो5हीति

nānyān apīḍayitvehā kośaḥ śakyaḥ kuto balam | tadarthaṃ pīḍayitvā ca doṣaṃ prāptuṃ na so 'rhati ||

Dijo Bhishma: «En este mundo, un tesoro (kośa) no puede formarse sin imponer cierta presión a otros; y sin tesoro, ¿cómo podría haber un ejército? Por ello, en tiempos de calamidad, cuando el propósito es asegurar la hacienda real, el rey que carga a sus súbditos con gravámenes para tal fin no debe, por ello, ser tenido por culpable.»

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यान्others
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पीडयित्वाhaving oppressed/afflicted
पीडयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपीड्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कोशःtreasury/wealth
कोशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्यःpossible/feasible
शक्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुतःwhence? how then?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्purpose/aim
अर्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पीडयित्वाhaving oppressed/afflicted
पीडयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपीड्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दोषम्fault/blame
दोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तुम्to obtain/incur
प्राप्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe (that person/king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्हतिdeserves/is liable (to)
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
king (rājā)
S
subjects (prajā)
T
treasury (kośa)
A
army/strength (bala)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma argues a pragmatic point of rājadharma: maintaining the treasury is necessary for maintaining military strength, and in times of crisis a king may impose burdens to secure revenue without automatically incurring moral blame—provided the action is purpose-bound and tied to public protection.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on governance. Here he explains the practical dependence of royal power (bala) on revenue (kośa) and justifies extraordinary fiscal pressure on subjects during emergencies as a difficult but sometimes necessary duty of rule.