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Shloka 24

Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies

Gaṇa-nīti

राजन! इसलिये तुम्हें गणराज्यके जो प्रधान-प्रधान अधिकारी हैं, उन सबका सम्मान करना चाहिये; क्योंकि लोकयात्राका महान्‌ भार उनके ऊपर अवलम्बित है ।। मन्त्रगुप्ति: प्रधानेषु चारश्वामित्रकर्षण । न गणाः: कृत्स्नशो मन्त्र श्रोतुमरहन्ति भारत,शत्रुसूदन! भारत! गण या संघके सभी लोग गुप्त मन्त्रणा सुननेके अधिकारी नहीं हैं। मन्त्रणाको गुप्त रखने तथा गुप्तचरोंकी नियुक्तिका कार्य प्रधान-प्रधान व्यक्तियोंके ही अधीन होता है

bhīṣma uvāca | rājan! tasmāt tvayā gaṇarājyasya ye pradhāna-pradhānā adhikāriṇaḥ, te sarve satkartavyāḥ; yato lokayātrāyā mahān bhāraḥ teṣūpari avalambitaḥ || mantragūptiḥ pradhāneṣu cāraś ca amitrakarṣaṇa | na gaṇāḥ kṛtsnaśo mantraṃ śrotum arhanti bhārata, śatrusūdana! bhārata! gaṇa-saṅghasya sarve janāḥ gupta-mantraṇāṃ śrotum adhikāriṇo na bhavanti | mantraṇāyā gopanam tathā guptacara-niyoga-kāryaṃ pradhāna-puruṣeṣv eva āyattaṃ bhavati ||

Bhishma dijo: Oh rey, por ello debes honrar a todos los altos oficiales de una organización republicana, pues sobre ellos recae el gran peso de sostener la vida pública. Y, oh domador de enemigos, el secreto del consejo y el empleo de espías pertenecen a los hombres principales; no es propio que el conjunto de la asamblea oiga deliberaciones confidenciales. En un gremio o confederación, no todos tienen derecho a escuchar la estrategia secreta: guardar el consejo y nombrar agentes encubiertos como es debido está en manos de los líderes principales.

मन्त्रगुप्तिःsecrecy of counsel
मन्त्रगुप्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रगुप्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रधानेषुamong the chiefs
प्रधानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रधान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
चारO spy / O scout
चार:
TypeNoun
Rootचार
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अमित्रकर्षणO subduer of foes
अमित्रकर्षण:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रकर्षण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गणाःthe members of the assembly
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृत्स्नशःentirely / all together
कृत्स्नशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत्स्नशस्
मन्त्रcounsel, secret plan
मन्त्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हन्तिare entitled / deserve
अर्हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शत्रुसूदनO slayer of enemies
शत्रुसूदन:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुसूदन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
Rajan (the king addressed)
B
Bharata (epithet/address)
S
Shatrusudana (epithet/address: subduer of foes)
G
Gana/Sangha (assembly/confederacy)
P
Pradhana (chief officers/leaders)
C
Chara (spies)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that even in a republic or confederacy, effective governance requires honoring responsible leaders and maintaining confidentiality in strategic counsel; sensitive deliberations and intelligence work should be entrusted to qualified principal officers, not disclosed to the entire assembly.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises the king on practical statecraft: respect key officials who carry the weight of administration, and keep policy deliberations secret by limiting access to trusted leaders and managing spies through them.