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Shloka 11

Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)

परैर्वा संविदं कृत्वा बलमप्यस्य घातय

parair vā saṃvidaṃ kṛtvā balam apy asya ghātaya | athavā śatrūn śubhair alabhyaiś ca dravyaiḥ strībhiḥ śayanāsanavāhanaiḥ bahumūlyagṛhair nānārasagandhaphalaiś ca āsaktān kurv iti | nānāpakṣiṇāṃ vividhajātīyapaśūnāṃ ca pālane āsaktiṃ tasya manasi janaya, yena sa śanaiḥ śanaiḥ dhanahīnaḥ san svata eva naśyet ||

Bhishma dijo: «O bien concierta un pacto con otros y haz que por medio de ellos se abata incluso la fuerza del enemigo; o, uniéndote a otros, consigue que su poder sea destruido por sus manos. Príncipe, enreda al adversario en esos bienes seductores y difíciles de obtener: mujeres, finas prendas para vestir y para el lecho, excelentes camas, asientos, vehículos, casas costosas, y variedades de sabores, fragancias y frutos. Despierta también en su mente el afán de criar muchas clases de aves y animales de diversas razas, para que, poco a poco, se vea drenado de riqueza y perezca por sí mismo.»

परैःby others
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
संविदम्agreement, pact
संविदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंविद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
बलम्strength, army
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अस्यof him/this (enemy)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
घातयcause to be slain/destroy
घातय:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय (णिच् of हन्)
Formलोट् (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

भीष्म (Bhīṣma)
राजकुमार (prince; addressee)
शत्रु (enemy)
परैः (allies/others)
स्त्री (women)
वस्त्र (garments)
शयन (beds)
आसन (seats)
वाहन (vehicles)
गृह (costly houses)
रस (tastes)
गन्ध (fragrances)
फल (fruits)
पक्षी (birds)
पशु (animals)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches pragmatic rāja-nīti: weaken an adversary either through alliances that neutralize his power directly, or by inducing costly attachments to luxury and indulgence so that he becomes financially exhausted and collapses from within.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhishma addresses a prince and outlines a strategy for dealing with enemies: coordinate with other powers to diminish the enemy’s strength, and/or distract the enemy with pleasures and expensive pursuits (comforts, sensual enjoyments, and maintaining birds and animals) until his resources are depleted.