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Shloka 34

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

मृदुमप्यवमन्यन्ते तीक्ष्णादुद्धविजते जन: । मा तीक्ष्णो मा मृदुर्भूस्त्वं तीक्ष्णो भव मृदुर्भव,मनुष्य कोमल स्वभाववाले राजाका अपमान करते हैं और अत्यन्त कठोर स्वभाववालेसे भी उद्विग्न हो उठते हैं; अत: तुम न कठोर बनो, न कोमल। समय-समयपर कठोरता भी धारण करो और कोमल भी हो जाओ

mṛdum apy avamanyante tīkṣṇād udvijate janaḥ | mā tīkṣṇo mā mṛdur bhūs tvaṃ tīkṣṇo bhava mṛdur bhava ||

Dijo Bhīṣma: El pueblo incluso desprecia al gobernante demasiado blando, y se alarma ante quien es excesivamente duro. Por eso, no seas sólo severo ni sólo indulgente: muestra firmeza cuando el tiempo lo exige y mansedumbre cuando conviene.

मृदुम्gentle (one)
मृदुम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अवमन्यन्तेthey despise/insult
अवमन्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअव√मन् (अवमन्यते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
तीक्ष्णात्from (one who is) harsh
तीक्ष्णात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
उद्विजतेis agitated/fears
उद्विजते:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्√विज् (उद्विजते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
जनःpeople
जनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
तीक्ष्णःharsh
तीक्ष्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
माnor/do not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
मृदुःgentle
मृदुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूःbe
भूः:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
तीक्ष्णःharsh
तीक्ष्णः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवbe (become)
भव:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मृदुःgentle
मृदुः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवbe (become)
भव:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
J
janaḥ (the people/public)

Educational Q&A

Effective rulership requires balance: excessive softness invites contempt, while excessive harshness provokes fear and resentment. A king should apply gentleness and severity according to time, place, and need.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on practical statecraft and ethical governance, emphasizing measured conduct rather than extremes.