Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

शूरलक्षणवर्णनम् | Marks and Typologies of Martial Temperament

उग्रस्वरा मन्युमन्तो युद्धेष्वारावसारिण: । अधर्मज्ञावलिप्ताश्ष घोरा रौद्रप्रदर्शना:

ugrasvarā manyumanto yuddheṣv ārāvasāriṇaḥ | adharmajñāvaliptāś ca ghorā raudrapradarśanāḥ ||

Dijo Bhīṣma: «Algunos son de voz áspera y están llenos de ira; en la batalla vagan rugiendo. Ignoran el dharma y se hinchan de orgullo: sombríos de figura, exhiben un talante feroz y violento. Su sola apariencia es aterradora».

उग्रस्वराःhaving harsh voices
उग्रस्वराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्रस्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मन्युमन्तःwrathful, full of anger
मन्युमन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्युमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युद्धेषुin battles
युद्धेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
आरावसारिणःmoving about roaring/crying out
आरावसारिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआरावसारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अधर्मज्ञाःknowers of adharma / not knowing dharma (contextual)
अधर्मज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर्मज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अवलिप्ताःarrogant, puffed up
अवलिप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवलिप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
घोराःterrible, dreadful
घोराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रौद्रप्रदर्शनाःdisplaying fierceness
रौद्रप्रदर्शनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्रप्रदर्शन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
battle (yuddha)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma highlights moral degeneration: when anger and pride dominate, a person becomes ignorant of dharma, and even their speech and conduct turn violent and fear-inducing—an ethical warning against cultivating such traits, especially in contexts of power and conflict.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction, Bhīṣma is describing a type of fearsome, unrighteous warrior—marked by harsh voice, roaring behavior in battle, and lack of dharma—using this characterization to support a broader discourse on conduct and righteousness.