Mahabharata 9.5.31 — Shalya Parva, Adhyaya 5, Shloka 31

शल्यस्य सेनापत्याभ्युपगमः | Śalya’s Acceptance of Command

Devanagari script

न ध्रुवं सुखमस्तीति कुतो राष्ट्र कुतो यश: । इह कीर्तिविधातव्या सा च युद्धेन नान्यथा

Translation

No hay dicha que sea segura y perdurable; ¿cómo, entonces, podrían ser firmes el reino y la fama? En este mundo debe ganarse la kīrti, la gloria del nombre, y esa gloria no se obtiene sino por la guerra.

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• ध्रुवम्: certain, permanent
• ध्रुवम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ध्रुव
• Form: neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• सुखम्: happiness
• सुखम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• अस्ति: is/exists
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: present, third, singular, parasmaipada

• इति: thus (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• कुतः: whence? how then?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुतः

• राष्ट्रम्: kingdom, realm
• राष्ट्रम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राष्ट्र
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• कुतः: whence? how then?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुतः

• यशः: fame, glory
• यशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस्
• Form: neuter, nominative, singular

• इह: here, in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• कीर्तिः: renown, fame
• कीर्तिः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कीर्ति
• Form: feminine, nominative, singular

• विधातव्या: is to be accomplished/secured (must be made)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा
• Form: gerundive (तव्यत्), feminine, nominative, singular, passive-necessitative

• सा: that (she/it), that (fame)
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: feminine, nominative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• युद्धेन: by/through war, battle
• युद्धेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: neuter, instrumental, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अन्यथा: otherwise, by another means
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यथा

Speaker

संजय उवाच