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Shloka 30

Book 9 (Śalya-parva), Adhyāya 13 — Arjuna’s Arrow-storm and the Drauṇi Confrontation

ते वार्यमाणा: समरे मद्रराज्ञा महारथा: । न शेकुः सम्मुखे स्थातुं तस्य शत्रुनिष्दना:

te vāryamāṇāḥ samare madrarājñā mahārathāḥ | na śekuḥ sammukhe sthātuṃ tasya śatruniṣūdanāḥ ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Aunque aquellos grandes guerreros de carro eran contenidos en el campo de batalla por el rey de Madra, no pudieron mantenerse frente a él; pues era un destructor de enemigos.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वार्यमाणाःbeing restrained/checked
वार्यमाणाः:
TypeParticiple
Rootवार्यमाण (√वृ/वारय्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, Present
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मद्रराज्ञाby the king of Madra
मद्रराज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शेकुःwere able
शेकुः:
TypeVerb
Root√शक्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सम्मुखेin front; face-to-face
सम्मुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्मुख
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
स्थातुम्to stand
स्थातुम्:
TypeVerb
Root√स्था
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
शत्रुनिषूदनाःslayers of enemies
शत्रुनिषूदनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुनिषूदन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
मद्रराज (Madrarāja—Śalya)
महārathāḥ (great chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring epic insight: in righteous and unrighteous conflicts alike, moral and psychological strength—manifest as fearlessness, steadiness, and mastery—can decide outcomes as much as weapons. A formidable leader can restrain many, causing even renowned fighters to lose the capacity to face him directly.

Sañjaya reports that the king of Madra (Śalya) is effectively checking the opposing great warriors in the battle. Despite their status as mahārathas, they cannot hold their ground face-to-face against him, because he is portrayed as a powerful slayer of enemies.