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Shloka 78

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ

जहाँ धर्म अधर्मसे विद्ध होकर सभामें उपस्थित होता है, उसके काँटेको उससे बिंधे हुए सभासदलोग नहीं काट पाते (अर्थात्‌ उनको पापका फल भोगना ही पड़ता है) ।। अर्ध हरति वै श्रेष्ठ; पादो भवति कर्तृषु पादश्चैव सभासत्सु ये न निन्दन्ति निन्दितम्‌,सभामें जो अधर्म होता है, उसका आधा भाग स्वयं सभापति ले लेता है, एक चौथाई भाग करनेवालोंको मिलता है और एक चतुर्थाश उन सभासदोंको प्राप्त होता है जो निन्दनीय पुरुषकी निन्दा नहीं करते

yatra dharmo 'dharmena viddhaḥ sabhāyāṁ samupasthito bhavati, tasya kaṇṭakaṁ tenaiva baddhaṁ sabhāsadaḥ chettum na śaknuvanti (tad-arthaṁ pāpa-phalaṁ bhoktavyam eva). ardhaṁ harati vai śreṣṭhaḥ; pādo bhavati kartṛṣu; pādaś caiva sabhāsatsu ye na nindanti ninditam.

Cuando el dharma entra en la asamblea herido y atravesado por el adharma, los miembros de la corte no pueden arrancar la espina que se le ha clavado; por ello han de participar inevitablemente del fruto del pecado. En una corte donde se comete una falta, el presidente carga con la mitad de la culpa; una cuarta parte recae en quienes ejecutan el acto; y otra cuarta parte en aquellos miembros que no censuran al que merece censura.

अर्धम्half (portion)
अर्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हरतिtakes away / bears (takes upon himself)
हरति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
श्रेष्ठःthe best man; (here) the presiding judge/king
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पादःa quarter (one part)
पादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes / falls to (as share)
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्तृषुamong the doers/perpetrators
कर्तृषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पादःa quarter
पादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवjust / indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सभासत्सुamong the assembly-members
सभासत्सु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभासद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निन्दन्तिcensure / blame
निन्दन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिन्द्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
निन्दितम्the blameworthy (act/person) / what deserves censure
निन्दितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिन्दित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

कश्यप उवाच

कश्यप (Kaśyapa)
सभा (sabhā; royal assembly/court)
धर्म (dharma)
अधर्म (adharma)
सभापति/श्रेष्ठ (presiding chief)

Educational Q&A

Wrongdoing in a public assembly creates shared moral liability: the leader bears the greatest portion, the perpetrators bear a portion, and even silent bystanders incur guilt for failing to condemn what is blameworthy.

Kaśyapa states a principle of courtroom ethics: when adharma is allowed to prevail in the sabhā, dharma is ‘wounded,’ and all who preside, act, or remain silent become participants in the resulting sin.