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Shloka 17

Dyūta-āhvāna: Śakuni’s Proposal, Vidura’s Warning, and the Summons of Yudhiṣṭhira

Sabhā-parva 51

द्ययक्षांस्त्रयक्षॉल्ललाटाक्षान्‌ नानादिग्भ्य: समागतान्‌ | औष्णीकानन्तवासांश्व॒ रोमकान्‌ पुरुषादकान्‌,द्रयक्ष, त््यक्ष, ललाटाक्ष, औष्णीक, अन्तवास, रोमक, पुरुषादक तथा एकपाद--इन देशोंके राजा नाना दिशाओंसे आकर राजद्वारपर रोक दिये जानेके कारण खड़े थे, यह मैंने अपनी आँखों देखा था। ये राजालोग भेंट-सामग्री लेकर आये थे और अपने साथ अनेक रंगवाले बहुत-से दूरगामी गधे (खच्चर) लाये थे, जिनकी गर्दन काली और शरीर विशाल थे। उनकी संख्या दस हजार थी। वे सभी रासभ सिखलाये हुए तथा सम्पूर्ण दिशाओंमें विख्यात थे

dṛṣṭavān asmi tri-yakṣān lalāṭākṣān nānā-digbhyaḥ samāgatān | auṣṇīkān antavāsāṃś ca romakān puruṣādakān ||

Dijo Duryodhana: «Yo mismo vi a aquellos reyes —los Triyakṣas, Lalāṭākṣas, Auṣṇīkas, Antavāsas, Romakas y Puruṣādakas— que habían llegado de muchas direcciones. Detenidos en la puerta real, permanecían allí con tributos, junto con numerosos asnos de carga, veloces y aptos para largos viajes, de variados colores, de cuello negro y gran cuerpo, famosos en todos los rumbos y bien adiestrados.»

त्रयक्षान्the Trayakṣas (a people/tribe)
त्रयक्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ललाटाक्षान्those with eyes on the forehead (Lalāṭākṣas)
ललाटाक्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootललाटाक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नानादिग्भ्यःfrom various directions
नानादिग्भ्यः:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootनानादिश्
FormFeminine, Ablative, Plural
समागतान्assembled/arrived
समागतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-गम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
औष्णीकान्the Auṣṇīkas (a people/tribe)
औष्णीकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऔष्णीक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्तवासान्the Antavāsas (a people/tribe)
अन्तवासान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रोमकान्the Romakas (Romans/people called Romaka)
रोमकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरोमक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरुषादकान्man-eaters (Puruṣādakas)
पुरुषादकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषादक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
T
Triyakṣa (people/kings)
L
Lalāṭākṣa (people/kings)
A
Auṣṇīka (people/kings)
A
Antavāsa (people/kings)
R
Romaka (people/kings)
P
Puruṣādaka (people/kings)
R
royal gate (rāja-dvāra, implied)
T
tribute/gifts (bhent-sāmagrī, implied)
P
pack-asses/mules (rāsabha/khaccara, per prose context)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how political power is displayed through tribute and public spectacle; ethically, it points to the danger of pride and envy—seeing others’ prosperity and alliances can inflame rivalry and lead to adharma-driven decisions.

Duryodhana reports what he personally witnessed: many foreign or frontier kings, identified by their ethnonyms, arrived from different directions with gifts and trained pack-animals, but were held at the royal gate—an image of a vast network of submission/attendance and the court’s controlled access.