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Shloka 38

तदुत्तमेषून्मथितं विषाग्निना प्रदीप्तमर्चिष्मदथो क्षितौ प्रियम्‌ । पपात पार्थस्य किरीटमुत्तमं दिवाकरो<स्तादिव रक्तमण्डल:,सोनेकी जालीसे व्याप्त वह जगमगाता हुआ मुकुट धमाकेकी आवाजके साथ धरतीपर जा गिरा। जैसे अस्ताचलसे लाल रंगके मण्डलवाला सूर्य नीचे गिरता है, उसी प्रकार पार्थका वह प्रिय, उत्तम एवं तेजस्वी किरीट पूर्वोक्त श्रेष्ठ बाणसे मथित और विषाग्निसे प्रज्वलित हो पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़ा

tad uttameṣu unmathitaṁ viṣāgninā pradīptam arciṣmad atho kṣitau priyam | papāta pārthasya kirīṭam uttamaṁ divākaro 'stād iva raktamaṇḍalaḥ ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Entonces la amada y excelente corona de Arjuna—sacudida y arrancada por aquella flecha suprema, ardiendo como si la hubiese encendido un fuego de veneno, radiante con lenguas de llama—cayó a la tierra con estrépito, como el sol de rojo disco que se hunde en el horizonte occidental.

तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
उत्तमेषुamong the best / on the best (parts)
उत्तमेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
उन्मथितम्shaken off / churned up / dislodged
उन्मथितम्:
Karta
TypeParticiple
Rootउन्मथ्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Passive, Past (PPP)
विषाग्निनाby the poison-fire
विषाग्निना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविषाग्नि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रदीप्तम्kindled / blazing
प्रदीप्तम्:
Karta
TypeParticiple
Rootप्र-दीप्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Passive, Past (PPP)
अर्चिष्मत्flame-bearing, radiant
अर्चिष्मत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्चिष्मत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षितौon the earth/ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
प्रियम्dear, beloved
प्रियम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थस्यof Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
किरीटम्crown/diadem
किरीटम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent, best
उत्तमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दिवाकरःthe sun
दिवाकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिवाकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तात्from the setting (mountain/west), at sunset
अस्तात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअस्त
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
रक्तमण्डलःhaving a red disc/orb
रक्तमण्डलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्तमण्डल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
K
kirīṭa (Arjuna’s crown/diadem)
K
kṣiti (earth)
D
divākara (sun)
A
astācala (western horizon/mountain of setting, implied by astāt)

Educational Q&A

Even the most splendid marks of status and protection—like a hero’s crown—can be suddenly undone in war; the verse underscores the fragility of external glory and the sobering impartiality of battle, conveyed through a cosmic simile (the setting sun).

In the midst of combat, a supreme arrow strikes in such a way that Arjuna’s cherished crown is dislodged; it blazes as though ignited by a poison-fire and falls to the ground, compared to the red sun descending at sunset.