Shloka 129

महाराज! मैंने रणभूमिमें अश्वत्थामाके धनुषकी शत्रुओंको भयभीत कर देनेवाली टंकार बारंबार सुनी, मानो किसी सिंहके दहाड़नेकी आवाज हो रही हो ।। ज्या चास्य चरतो युद्धे सव्यदक्षिणमस्यत: । विद्युदम्बुदमध्यस्था भ्राजमानेव साभवत्‌,जैसे मेघोंकी घटाके बीचमें बिजली चमकती है, उसी प्रकार युद्धमें दायें-बायें बाण- वर्षापूर्वक विचरते हुए अशत्थामाके धनुषकी प्रत्यंचा भी प्रकाशित हो रही थी

sañjaya uvāca |

mahārāja! mayā raṇabhūmau aśvatthāmanaḥ dhanuṣaḥ śatrūn bhayabhītān karoti iti tāṅkāraḥ bāraṃbāraṃ śrutaḥ, siṃhasya nādasya iva |

jyā cāsya carato yuddhe savya-dakṣiṇam asyataḥ |

vidyud ambuda-madhyasthā bhrājamānā iva sābhavat ||

Dijo Sañjaya: Oh rey, en el campo de batalla oí una y otra vez el pavoroso tañido del arco de Aśvatthāmā, que infundía miedo al enemigo, como el rugido de un león. Y mientras se movía por la lucha, derramando una lluvia de flechas a izquierda y derecha, la cuerda de su arco resplandecía como un relámpago que fulgura en medio de una masa de nubes. La escena presenta la destreza marcial como una fuerza capaz de dominar las mentes con temor, y recuerda que en la guerra la supremacía psicológica y la pura habilidad suelen decidir el instante, aunque el peso moral de la violencia permanezca implícito.

ज्याbowstring
ज्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him (of that one)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
चरतोwhile moving/roaming (of him who is moving)
चरतो:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सव्यदक्षिणम्left and right (both sides)
सव्यदक्षिणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसव्य-दक्षिण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्यतःof him who is hurling/casting
अस्यतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (क्षेपणे) / अस् (to throw) + शतृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Singular
विद्युत्lightning
विद्युत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्युत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अम्बुदमध्यस्थाsituated in the midst of a cloud
अम्बुदमध्यस्था:
TypeAdjective
Rootअम्बुद-मध्य-स्था
Formक्त (as adjectival formation with -स्था), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
भ्राजमानाshining, blazing
भ्राजमाना:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्राज्
Formशानच् (present middle participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
साshe/that (bowstring)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra (implied by 'Mahārāja')
A
Ashvatthama
B
battlefield
B
bow (dhanuṣ)
B
bowstring (jyā)
E
enemies (śatravaḥ)
L
lion (simile)
C
clouds and lightning (simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how mastery in battle is not only physical but also psychological: the terrifying sound of a warrior’s bow and the visible brilliance of his weaponry can break enemy morale. Ethically, it implicitly points to the grim reality that war rewards fear-inducing power even as it deepens the human cost of violence.

Sanjaya reports to the king what he witnesses: Ashvatthama is actively ranging across the battlefield, shooting arrows to both left and right. His bow’s twang repeatedly frightens the opposing side, and his bowstring flashes like lightning among clouds, emphasizing speed, intensity, and dominance in combat.