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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 36: Ghora-yuddha-varṇanam

A Clinical Description of the Intensified Engagement

तस्मात्‌ क्षिप्र॑ मद्रपते प्रयाहि रणे पञ्चालान्‌ पाण्डवान्‌ सृज्जयांश्व । तान्‌ वा हनिष्यामि समेत्य संख्ये यास्यामि वा द्रोणपथा यमाय,“इसलिये मद्रराज! तुम शीघ्र ही रणभूमिमें पांचाल, पाण्डव तथा सूंजय वीरोंकी ओर रथ ले चलो। आज युद्धस्थलमें उन सबके साथ भिड़कर या तो उन्हें ही मार डालूँगा या स्वयं ही द्रोणाचार्यके मार्गसे यमलोक चला जाऊँगा

tasmāt kṣipraṃ madrapate prayāhi raṇe pañcālān pāṇḍavān sṛñjayāṃś ca | tān vā haniṣyāmi sametya saṅkhye yāsyāmi vā droṇapathā yamāya ||

Por tanto, oh rey de Madra, conduce con presteza en el campo de batalla hacia los Pāñcālas, los Pāṇḍavas y los Sṛñjayas. Hoy, al encontrarlos en combate cuerpo a cuerpo, o los mataré—o bien, siguiendo el camino que recorrió Droṇa, partiré yo mismo al reino de Yama.

तस्मात्therefore / from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मद्
FormAblative singular (used adverbially: 'therefore/from that')
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
FormAdverb (accusative singular neuter used adverbially)
मद्रपतेO lord of Madra
मद्रपते:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रपति
FormMasculine, vocative singular
प्रयाहिgo forth / proceed
प्रयाहि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (प्र-या)
FormImperative, 2nd person singular, Parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, locative singular
पञ्चालान्the Panchalas
पञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, accusative plural
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, accusative plural
सृञ्जयान्the Sṛñjayas
सृञ्जयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसृञ्जय
FormMasculine, accusative plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormConjunction
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, accusative plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
FormDisjunctive particle
हनिष्यामिI will kill
हनिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormSimple future, 1st person singular, Parasmaipada
समेत्यhaving met / having engaged
समेत्य:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootइ (सम्-इ)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), indeclinable
संख्येin combat
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, locative singular (sense: battle/encounter)
यास्यामिI will go
यास्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormSimple future, 1st person singular, Parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
FormDisjunctive particle
द्रोणपथाby the path of Droṇa (i.e., the way he went)
द्रोणपथा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपथ
FormMasculine, instrumental singular
यमायto Yama (death)
यमाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, dative singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
M
Madra (kingdom)
M
Madrapati (king of Madra)
P
Pāñcālas
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
Sṛñjayas
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
Y
Yama (lord of death)
R
Raṇa/Saṅkhya (battlefield/war)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of steadfast resolve in righteous combat as understood within epic warfare: one must act decisively, accept the consequences, and face death without retreat. Ethically, it frames battle as a duty-bound arena where honor is maintained either through victory or through an unflinching acceptance of death.

Sañjaya reports a warrior’s command to the king of Madra (the charioteer/ally figure) to drive swiftly toward the Pāṇḍava side—Pāñcālas, Pāṇḍavas, and Sṛñjayas—for a decisive engagement. The speaker declares an either-or outcome: he will kill them in battle, or he will die and go to Yama’s realm, ‘by Droṇa’s path,’ invoking Droṇa’s recent death as a model of battlefield end.