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Shloka 42

कर्णेन युधिष्ठिरानीकविदारणम् / Karṇa’s Breach of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Battle-Line

स्वान्यायुधानि मुख्यानि न्यदधाच्छड्करो रथे । ध्वजयष्टिं वियत्‌ कृत्वा स्थापयामास गोवृषम्‌

svāny āyudhāni mukhyāni nyadadhāc chaṅkaro rathe | dhvajayaṣṭiṃ viyat kṛtvā sthāpayāmāsa govṛṣam, puruṣasiṃha! mahārāja! |

Duryodhana dijo: «Cuando aquel carro excelso—célebre entre los dioses por aplastar a los enemigos—hubo sido forjado por completo, el Señor Śaṅkara depositó sobre él sus armas más eminentes. Luego, haciendo que el asta del estandarte alcanzara el cielo, colocó en lo alto a su toro Nandin. Así, el carro quedó señalado no sólo por la fuerza de las armas, sino por la sanción divina y el sobrecogimiento que un emblema sagrado infunde en la guerra».

स्वानिhis own
स्वानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
आयुधानिweapons
आयुधानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
मुख्यानिchief, principal
मुख्यानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
न्यदधात्placed, put down
न्यदधात्:
TypeVerb
Rootधा
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
शङ्करःŚaṅkara (Śiva)
शङ्करः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथेon the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ध्वजbanner, flag
ध्वज:
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Stem (compound member)
यष्टिम्staff, pole
यष्टिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयष्टि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वियत्sky, space
वियत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवियत्
FormNeuter, Accusative (as predicate complement), Singular
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा, Parasmaipada (absolutive)
स्थापयामासset up, installed
स्थापयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (causative: स्थापय-)
FormPerfect periphrastic (Liṭ, periphrastic), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
गोवृषम्the bull (Nandin), the bull among cattle
गोवृषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोवृष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śaṅkara (Śiva)
N
Nandin (bull of Śiva)
C
chariot (ratha)
W
weapons (āyudha)
B
banner-staff/flagpole (dhvajayaṣṭi)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in epic warfare, power is portrayed as more than human strength: divine emblems and consecrated weapons symbolize legitimacy, protection, and the moral-psychological force that sacred authority lends to a king’s cause—whether or not that cause is truly dharmic.

Duryodhana describes an extraordinary chariot: after it is completed, Śiva (Śaṅkara) places his principal weapons upon it and makes the banner-staff sky-high, installing his bull Nandin atop it as a formidable divine standard.