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Shloka 16

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

द्रोणपुत्रस्तु शिरसि ग्रीवायां सर्वसोदरा: । मध्ये दुर्योधनो राजा बलेन महता वृतः,शीर्षस्थानमें द्रोणकुमार अश्वत्थामा और ग्रीवा-भागमें दुर्योधनके समस्त भाई स्थित हुए। मध्यस्थान (कटिप्रदेश)-में विशाल सेनासे घिरा हुआ राजा दुर्योधन खड़ा हुआ

droṇaputrastu śirasi grīvāyāṃ sarvasodarāḥ | madhye duryodhano rājā balena mahatā vṛtaḥ ||

Sañjaya dijo: En la posición de la “cabeza” se hallaba el hijo de Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā), y en la posición del “cuello” fueron apostados todos los hermanos de Duryodhana. En el centro, el rey Duryodhana permanecía en pie, rodeado y protegido por una fuerza inmensa—imagen de una formación de batalla como un cuerpo, donde el poder se ordena como defensa, pero es impulsado por la voluntad de dominar más que por el dharma.

द्रोणपुत्रःDrona's son (Ashvatthama)
द्रोणपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
शिरसिon the head (at the head-position)
शिरसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ग्रीवायाम्at the neck
ग्रीवायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootग्रीवा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सर्वसौदराःall (his) brothers
सर्वसौदराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वसौदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमध्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलेनby/with (an) army, force
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महतāgreat, huge
महतā:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वृतःsurrounded/encircled
वृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Aśvatthāmā
D
Droṇa
D
Duryodhana
D
Duryodhana’s brothers (Kauravas)
A
army/force (bala)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war leadership often relies on strategic placement and sheer protection by force; ethically, it contrasts external strength and guarded power with the Mahābhārata’s larger insistence that true stability comes from dharma rather than mere military arrangement.

Sañjaya describes a body-like troop arrangement: Aśvatthāmā is placed at the ‘head,’ Duryodhana’s brothers at the ‘neck,’ and Duryodhana himself stands in the ‘middle,’ heavily surrounded by a large force for protection.