Shloka 4

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

Devanagari script

अन्ये च बहवो वीरा: संग्रामे मधुसूदन । निहता: कौरवै: संख्ये तथास्माभिश्न॒ कौरवा:

Transliteration

anye ca bahavo vīrāḥ saṅgrāme madhusūdana | nihatāḥ kauravaiḥ saṅkhye tathāsmābhiś ca kauravāḥ ||

Translation

Dijo Sañjaya: «Y muchos otros héroes también, oh Madhusūdana, fueron abatidos en la batalla: unos por los Kauravas en lo más recio del combate, y asimismo muchos Kauravas por nosotros.»

Word by Word

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• बहवः: many
• बहवः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वीराः: heroes/warriors
• वीराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• संग्रामे: in battle
• संग्रामे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संग्राम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• मधुसूदन: O Madhusūdana (Krishna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधुसूदन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• निहताः: slain
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)

• कौरवैः: by the Kauravas
• कौरवैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• संख्ये: in the fight/battle
• संख्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संख्या
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• तथा: so/likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• अस्माभिः: by us
• अस्माभिः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कौरवाः: Kauravas
• कौरवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• Kauravas
• Pāṇḍava side (implied by “asmābhiḥ”)
• battle/saṅgrāma
• saṅkhya (combat array/melee)