Shloka 47

Droṇa–Arjuna Yuddha; Trigarta-Āvaraṇa; Bhīmasena Gajānīka-bheda

Droṇa and Arjuna Engage; Trigarta Containment; Bhīma Breaks the Elephant Corps

Devanagari script

वर्म मुख्यं तनुत्राणं शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतम्‌

Transliteration

varma mukhyaṃ tanutrāṇaṃ śātakumbhapariṣkṛtam

Translation

Sañjaya dijo: «(Llevaba) una coraza principal, un peto protector, adornado y refinado con oro śātakumbha». El verso subraya la preparación deliberada para la batalla: proteger el cuerpo y exhibir el esplendor real, reflejando cómo en el Mahābhārata la guerra une la defensa práctica con la ética de la disposición kṣatriya y el honor ante todos.

Word by Word

• वर्म: armor, coat of mail
• वर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• मुख्यम्: chief, principal
• मुख्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुख्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• तनुत्राणम्: body-protection, cuirass
• तनुत्राणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनुत्राण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतम्: adorned/finished with gold
• शातकुम्भपरिष्कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शातकुम्भ-परिष्कृत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• armor (varma/tanutrāṇa)
• śātakumbha-gold

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya readiness: safeguarding the body with proper protection while upholding public honor. It suggests that entering battle is not reckless bravado but disciplined preparation aligned with one’s duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is describing a warrior’s battle equipment—specifically a principal suit of armor, finely embellished with gold—indicating the formal arming and readiness for the coming combat.