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Shloka 24

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ९६: सौभद्रस्य आक्रमणम्, अलम्बुसस्य प्रतिविधानम्

Abhimanyu’s assault; Alambusa’s counter-engagement

राजन! वे समरांगणमें एक-दूसरेको ललकारते हुए जूझ रहे थे। उस समय उस भीषण संघर्षमे सहसा बड़े जोरकी धूल उठी, जो हाथी, घोड़े और पैदलोंके पैरों तथा रथके पहियोंके धक्केसे उठायी गयी थी ।। धूम्रारुणं रजस्तीव्रं रणभूमिं समावृणोत्‌ । नैव स्वे न परे राजन्‌ समजानम्‌ परस्परम्‌,महाराज! काले और लाल रंगकी उस दुःसह धूलने समस्त रणभूमिको ढक लिया। उस समय अपने और शत्रुपक्षके योद्धा एक-दूसरेको पहचान नहीं पाते थे

sañjaya uvāca |

rājan! te samarāṅgaṇe anyonyam āhvayantaḥ yuyudhānaḥ | tasmin bhīṣaṇe saṅgrāme sahasā mahāvegaṃ rajaḥ samutthitam, yad gaja-aśva-pādāta-pādaiḥ ratha-cakra-pratighātaiś ca utthāpitam ||

dhūmrāruṇaṃ rajas tīvraṃ raṇabhūmiṃ samāvṛṇot | naiva sve na pare rājan samajānān parasparam ||

Sañjaya dijo: Oh Rey, mientras los guerreros se desafiaban y luchaban en el campo, en aquel choque terrible se alzó de pronto una nube de polvo violenta, levantada por el golpear de los pies de elefantes, caballos e infantes, y por el embate de las ruedas de los carros. Ese polvo espeso, ahumado y rojizo, cubrió todo el campo de batalla; y en él, oh Rey, ningún bando podía reconocer con claridad a los suyos ni a los enemigos.

धूम्रारुणम्smoke-dark and reddish
धूम्रारुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधूम्रारुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रजःdust
रजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तीव्रम्intense, violent
तीव्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रणभूमिम्battlefield
रणभूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरणभूमि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समावृणोत्covered, enveloped
समावृणोत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आवृ (आवृणोति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, even
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्वेin one's own (side)
स्वे:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
nor, not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परेin the other/enemy (side)
परे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective (substantive)
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समजानम्they recognized, they knew
समजानम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + ज्ञा (समजानाति) / सम् + जन्? (context favors सम्+ज्ञा)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural
परस्परम्each other, mutually
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King Dhṛtarāṣṭra
B
battlefield (raṇabhūmi/samarāṅgaṇa)
D
dust (rajas)
E
elephants (gaja)
H
horses (aśva)
I
infantry (pādāta)
C
chariots (ratha)
W
wheels (cakra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how the chaos of war obscures discernment: when the battlefield is veiled in dust, even basic recognition fails, symbolizing the ethical and cognitive blindness that violence can produce.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, amid mutual challenges and close combat, a dense smoky-reddish dust cloud rises from the trampling of elephants, horses, infantry, and chariot wheels, covering the field so that fighters cannot distinguish friend from foe.