Shloka 46

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय 54: फल्गुन-प्रतिरोधः, सौबली-व्यूह-विध्वंसः, दुर्योधन-भीष्म-संवादः

Devanagari script

बभूव परमोपेत: सुमेरुरिव भानुना । आर्य! रथके मार्गोंपर अर्जुनका वह ध्वज नृत्य करता-सा प्रतीत होता था। उस रत्नयुक्त ध्वजसे अर्जुनकी और गाण्डीवधारी अर्जुनसे उस ध्वजकी बड़ी शोभा होती थी

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | babhūva paramopetaḥ sumerur iva bhānunā | ārya! rathake mārge upari arjunakā sa dhvajaḥ nṛtya karatā-sā pratīta hotā thā | tasya ratna-yuktasya dhvajasyārjunasya ca gāṇḍīva-dhāriṇaḥ arjunasya ca dhvajasyāpi mahān śobhā babhūva | yathā meru-parvatasya sūryeṇa sūryasya ca meru-parvateṇa śobhā bhavati ||

Translation

Sañjaya dijo: «Oh noble, Arjuna apareció adornado en grado supremo, como el monte Meru iluminado por el sol. Cuando su carro avanzaba por el camino, su estandarte enjoyado parecía danzar. Aquel pendón cuajado de gemas acrecentaba el esplendor de Arjuna, y Arjuna, portador del Gāṇḍīva, a su vez realzaba la gloria del estandarte; así como Meru se hermosea con el sol, y el fulgor del sol se vuelve más imponente junto a Meru».

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'sañjaya uvāca', 'definition': 'Sanjaya said'}, {'term': 'babhūva', 'definition': 'became

• appeared'}, {'term': 'paramopetaḥ', 'definition': 'supremely endowed/adorned

• excellently equipped'}, {'term': 'sumeruḥ', 'definition': 'Mount Meru (cosmic mountain)'}, {'term': 'iva', 'definition': 'like

• as'}, {'term': 'bhānunā', 'definition': 'by the sun

• with sunlight'}, {'term': 'ratha', 'definition': 'chariot'}, {'term': 'mārga', 'definition': 'road

• path'}, {'term': 'upari', 'definition': 'above

• on top'}, {'term': 'dhvajaḥ', 'definition': 'banner

• standard'}, {'term': 'ratna-yukta', 'definition': 'adorned with gems'}, {'term': 'nṛtya iva pratītaḥ', 'definition': 'appearing as if dancing'}, {'term': 'gāṇḍīva-dhārin', 'definition': 'bearer of the bow Gāṇḍīva (epithet of Arjuna)'}, {'term': 'śobhā', 'definition': 'splendor

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Arjuna
• Gāṇḍīva (bow)
• Dhvaja (banner/standard)
• Sumeru (Mount Meru)
• Bhānu/Sūrya (the Sun)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how inner excellence (Arjuna’s valor and readiness) and outer symbols of duty (the jeweled banner, chariot insignia) mutually reinforce each other. In a dharmic context, rightful strength is not mere display; it becomes a sign of purpose and moral resolve, making the warrior’s presence inspiring and formidable.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya, narrating to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, describes Arjuna advancing in his chariot. His gem-studded banner seems to ‘dance’ as the chariot moves, and Sanjaya uses the Meru-and-sun comparison to convey the extraordinary splendor and auspicious prominence of Arjuna and his standard on the battlefield.