Shloka 1

Adhyāya 41 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Gurv-anumati and Strategic Counsel (युधिष्ठिरस्य गुर्वनुमतिः)

Devanagari script

५)। इसी बातको स्पष्ट करनेके लिये भगवानने गीताके चौदहवें अध्यायके पाँचवें श्लोकमें सत्त्व

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca

Translation

El Bienaventurado dijo: «De nuevo expondré el conocimiento supremo, el más excelso entre los conocimientos; conociéndolo, todos los sabios han trascendido este mundo y han alcanzado la perfección más alta».

Word by Word

• श्रीभगवान्: the Blessed Lord
• श्रीभगवान्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रीभगवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• परम्: supreme, highest
• परम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भूयः: again, once more
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भूयस्

• प्रवक्ष्यामि: I shall declare
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Future, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ज्ञानानाम्: of knowledges
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: highest, best
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)

• मुनयः: sages
• मुनयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पराम्: supreme
• पराम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सिद्धिम्: perfection, attainment
• सिद्धिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्धि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इतः: from here, from this (world)
• इतः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतः

• गताः: gone, attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

This line functions as a speaker-introduction: it frames Arjuna’s role as the questioning disciple, emphasizing that sincere inquiry is integral to understanding dharma and acting rightly under pressure.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narration signals a shift to Arjuna’s speech—he is about to ask or respond within the battlefield dialogue, continuing the ethical and spiritual examination that accompanies the impending war.