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Shloka 45

Chapter 19: Prativyūha of the Pāṇḍavas — Vajra (Acala) Formation and Dawn Omens

व्यवस्थिता: प्रतिव्यूह्मृ तव पुत्रस्य वाहिनीम्‌ । ग्रसन्‍त इव मज्जा नो योधानां भरतर्षभ,इस प्रकार युद्धसे आनन्दित होनेवाले पुरुष-सिंह पाण्डव आपके पुत्रकी वाहिनीके सामने व्यूह बनाकर खड़े थे और हमारे योद्धाओंकी रक्त और मज्जा भी सुखाये देते थे। गदाधारी भीमसेनको आगे खड़ा देख हमारी सारी सेना भयभीत हो रही थी

sañjaya uvāca |

vyavasthitāḥ prativyūhya tava putrasya vāhinīm |

grasanta iva majjā no yodhānāṁ bharatarṣabha ||

Sañjaya dijo: «¡Oh toro entre los Bharatas! Los héroes Pāṇḍava, exultantes en la batalla, se apostaron en formación de contraataque frente al ejército de tu hijo. Parecían devorar, por así decirlo, hasta la médula de nuestros guerreros, agotando su fuerza y su ánimo. Al ver a Bhīmasena, el que empuña la maza, colocado en la vanguardia, todo nuestro ejército quedó presa del temor.»

व्यवस्थिताःarrayed/standing in formation
व्यवस्थिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यवस्थित (वि+अव+स्था, कृदन्त-भूतकृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिव्यूह्यhaving counter-arrayed / forming a counter-formation
प्रतिव्यूह्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रतिव्यूह्य (प्रति+व्यूह्, ल्यप्-अव्ययभाव)
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वाहिनीम्army/host
वाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाहिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ग्रसन्तःdevouring, as if swallowing
ग्रसन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस् (वर्तमान कृदन्त-शतृ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
मज्जानःmarrows
मज्जानः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमज्जा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
योधानाम्of warriors
योधानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'your son')
B
Bhīmasena
V
vāhinī (army/host)
G
gadā (mace, implied by 'mace-wielder')

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how dharma-yuddha is not only physical combat but also discipline, formation, and morale: righteous resolve and strategic order can break an opponent’s spirit, while fear spreads quickly when leadership and confidence falter.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Pāṇḍavas have taken up a counter-formation facing Duryodhana’s army. Their aggressive stance is described as ‘devouring the marrow’ of the Kaurava warriors, and the sight of Bhīma at the front causes widespread fear in the Kaurava ranks.