Shloka 44

Devanagari script

सूर्यस्त्वष्टोी सहस्राणि द्वे चान्ये कुरुनन्दन । विष्कम्भेण ततो राजन्‌ मण्डलं त्रिंशता समम्‌,कुरुनन्दन! सूर्यका व्यासगत विस्तार दस हजार योजन है और उनकी परिधि या मण्डलका विस्तार तीस हजार योजन है तथा उनकी विपुलता अद्बावन सौ योजनकी है। अनघ! इस प्रकार शीघ्रगामी परम उदार भगवान्‌ सूर्यके त्रिविध विस्तारका वर्णन सुना जाता है

Transliteration

sūryas tvaṣṭoḥ sahasrāṇi dve cānye kurunandana | viṣkambheṇa tato rājan maṇḍalaṃ triṃśatā samam ||

Translation

Dijo Sañjaya: «Oh deleite de los Kuru, el Sol tiene un diámetro de diez mil yojanas; y, oh rey, su disco circular mide treinta mil yojanas de circunferencia».

Word by Word

सूर्यःthe Sun

त्वष्टोःof Tvaṣṭṛ

सहस्राणिthousands

द्वेtwo

चand

अन्येother (two)

कुरुनन्दनO delight of the Kurus

विष्कम्भेणby/with the diameter (thickness)

ततःthen/thereupon

राजन्O king

मण्डलम्the circle/orb (circumference)

त्रिंशताby thirty (thousand) / with thirty

समम्equal (to)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Sūrya (Sun)

Tvaṣṭṛ

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by vocatives rājan/kurunandana)

maṇḍala (solar disc)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents the cosmos as structured and measurable, implicitly pointing to ṛta (cosmic order). Against the backdrop of impending war, it suggests that human action should align with dharma within a universe governed by law and proportion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is reporting to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra a traditional cosmological account, giving numerical measures for the Sun’s diameter and the extent of its disc/circumference.